chapter 12 study gudie

Intracellular fluid (ICF)

Makes up 60% of the body's fluid weight.

Extracellular fluid (ECF)

Includes lymph and plasma, and the fluid found outside cells.

Daily fluid intake for men (AI)

3.7 L/day or 117 oz/day.

Daily fluid intake for women (AI)

2.7 L/day or 93 oz/day.

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A hormone that causes the body to retain fluid by decreasing urinary output.

Sodium

Principal cation in plasma and interstitial fluid; has no RDA but an AI of 1500 mg.

Hypernatremia

Condition where fluid moves from ICF to ECF, resulting in dry sticky tongue and fever.

Potassium

Major cation in ICF; important for muscle function and heart electrical conduction.

Iron

Present in every cell, a major component of hemoglobin, crucial for oxygen transport.

Zinc

Essential trace mineral necessary for over 300 enzymes; recommended intake is 11 mg for men and 8 mg for women.

Iodine

Essential for the production of thyroxine; adult RDA is 150 μg per day.

Hyperkalemia

Excess potassium leading to muscle weakness and life-threatening cardiac arrest.

Hypokalemia

Low potassium level that can lead to systemic effects and potentially death.

Goiter

Enlargement of the thyroid gland, associated with iodine deficiency.

Hemochromatosis

Condition of excess iron in the body that can lead to cardiovascular disease and liver damage.

Cellular edema

Swelling of cells due to excess fluid, often resulting from hyponatremia.