Natural Resources Policy and Law Quiz #2

Policy

A course of action or inaction to meet an objective

Sustainable resource use, management, and protection

The foundation for natural resource policy

Purposive

One of the key elements of Natural Resource Policy; provides direction

Patterns of decisions

One of the key elements of Natural Resource Policy; to be implemented over time

Reflects the social choices

One of the key elements of Natural Resource Policy; of an institution

Need for natural resource policy and laws

To survive, preserve biodiversity, and maintain ecological balance

Tragedy of the commons

A situation where a common good is exploited and depleted

Evolution of wildlife policies and laws in North America

From English laws during the Feudal period

Four major categories of English laws

Weapons control, animal rights, social privilege, wildlife population management

Magna Carta

The charter that eliminated the absolute right of the king and granted rights to the nobility

Changes to wildlife laws established by Magna Carta

Wildlife no longer owned by the king, but held in trust for the people

First wildlife policy development based on the question

Who owns the wildlife?

Geer v. Connecticut (1896)

Case law forming the non-trust doctrine that wildlife is property managed by the state

Seven tenets of the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation

Prohibit commerce of dead wildlife, regulate and manage welfare, protect citizens' right to harvest, utilize science as basis, maintain wildlife as public resource, ensure legitimate purpose for killing, reflect changing ideas

Politics challenging science as basis for wildlife policy

Science versus politics in establishing wildlife policy

Effect of dwindling consumptive user numbers on NAMWC

Economic issues for agencies managing wildlife

Backbone of the North American Model of Wildlife Conservation

Hunters and anglers

Support for wildlife by hunters and trappers

Arises partly from self-interest due to the importance of wild harvest

Ways that NAMWC needs to change or adapt

Engage with the public, immigrants, focus on non-game species, rely on science, reflect changing ideas

Science solutions in dealing with natural resource issues

Always rise to the top in effective policy making

Social and political turbulence triggering modern environmental era

Civil rights movement and Vietnam War

Contentious natural resource policies at rural-urban interface

Balancing sustainable development's three pillars: economic return, social equity, environmental protection

Spotted owl issue in the Pacific Northwest

Conflict between timber industry and endangered species protection

ESA (Endangered Species Act)

Most powerful regulatory hammer for species protection on public and private lands

Four clauses granting federal government authority over states

Treaties, spending powers, interstate commerce, property clauses

Options for dealing with a bill at the governor or president's desk

Pass or veto

Characteristics of good law or policy

Evaluation, positive net value, species population maintenance, no overturning of existing laws, positive change

Involvement in politics

Vote, contact representatives, make your voice heard

Word that sums up embracing science in policy making

Trust

Weak sustainability

Keeping an issue from getting worse

Strong sustainability

Actively improving the situation

Three pillars of sustainable development

Economic return, social equity and inclusiveness, environmental protection

Criterion of ecological criteria: sustainable yield

Harvest with no net change

Policies underachieving or overproducing

True

Texas' own spotted owl issue

Golden-Cheeked Warbler and juniper