Phelb Blood/ Muscle

Cardiac Muscle

Striated muscle that makes up the heart; involuntary

Skeletal Muscle

Muscle attached to the frame of the skeletal system enable body movement; Voluntary

Smooth muscle

Muscle that makes up internal organs; Involuntary

Endocardium

the inner lining of the heart, providing a smooth surface for blood flow.

Myocardium

the muscular middle layer of the heart wall responsible for contracting blood.

Epicardium

the outer layer of the heart wall, coronary arteries are located in this layer.

Atriums

Upper chambers of the heart

Ventricles

Lower chambers of the heart

Right (atria and ventricle) connected by the

tricuspid valve

Left (atria and ventricle) connected by the

bicuspid valve

Pulmonary circulation

blood travels Heart -Lung- Heart

Systemic circulation

blood travels Heart-Body

Thrombocytes

AKA platelets small irregularly shaped packets of cytoplasm formed in bone marrow that play a crucial role in blood clotting and wound healing.

Leukocytes

AKA white blood cells, responsible for providing infection protection to the body about 5,000-10,000 per microliter of blood.

Erythrocytes

AKA red blood cells, responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. 4.2 -6.2 million RBC per microliter of blood. Contains hemoglobin the oxygen carrying protein

Neutrophils

60-70% of WBC, Phagocytic cell that engulfs bacteria and debris; responders for bacterial infection.

Lymphocytes

20- 40% of WBC antibody immune response

Monocytes

2-8% of WBC, large phagocytic cells that differentiate into macrophages in tissue help fight infection and clean up debris.

Eosinophils

1-4% of WBC, involved in combating allergic reactions.

Basophils

<1% of WBC, involved in inflammatory reactions and release histamine during allergic responses.

Plasma

the liquid component of anticoagulated: blood contains clotting factors

Serum

the liquid component of coagulated: blood doesn’t contain clotting factors

Hemostasis

the process by which blood vessels repair after injury

1. Vascular phase

injury to a blood vessel causing it to constrict and stop blood flow

2. Platelet phase

injury to the endothelial lining causing platelets to adhere and form a plug.

Coagulation Phase

Coagulation factors that turn the platelet plug into a fibrin clot

Fibrinolysis

Breakdown and removal of clot to begin tissue repair