Neuroanatomy

What is Grey matter composed of?

neuron cell bodies

What is white matter composed of

axons

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?

12 Pairs

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

31

What are the divisions of the brain? (not tested too much)

Forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain

What separates the two cerebral hemispheres?

Longitudinal fissure

What are gyri?

bumps

What are sulci?

depressions

What is contained in the frontal lobe?

Precentral gyrus

what is the precentral gyrus?

Primary motor cortex, area of representation depends on complexity of movement

What speech center is in the frontal lobe?

Broca's area

Which side of the brain is broca's area on?

LEFT side

What is in the post-central gyrus?

primary sensory cortex

What is the right hemisphere of the parietal lobe important for?

ATTENTION AND SPATIAL PROCESSING

Which part of the brain is a sensory association location?

Parietal Lobe

What is Heschl's Gyrus

Primary auditory cortex

Where is the primary auditory cortex?

41 and 42 (WHERE YOU THOUGHT WERNICKE'S AREA WAS)

Where is wernicke's area?

22, posterior portion of temporal gyrus

What is the primary visual cortex of the occipital lobe?

17 (very very back)

What is the 5 lobe of the brain known as?

Insula

What fissure is the insula located under?

Sylvian Fissure (lateral fissure)

what does the insula manage?

Reward, addiction, facial recognition

What is a commissural tract?

Across hemispheres

What is an association tract?

Within one hemisphere - short is within lobes, long is between lobes

What do the basal ganglia do?

Background movement and movement initiation

What does issue with the basal ganglia lead to?

Parkinson's

What does the CSF do?

Provide cushion, deliver nutrients, remove waste

What connects the third and fourth ventricle?

Cerebral aqueduct

What connects the spinal cord to the ventricles?

Central Canal

What arteries form the posterior cerebral artery?

vertebral arteries become basilary artery which becomes PCA

What arteries form the anterior and middle cerebral arteries?

Interior Carotids

When does the brainstem become the medulla oblongata?

At the foramen magnum

What is the order that the spinal cord becomes?

Medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain, thalamus

What contains the superior and inferior colliculi?

midbrain

What is the function of the superior colliculi?

optic waystation

What does the pons do?

Connects cerebellum to the hemispheres

What does the medulla do?

Allows nerves to decussate (cross)

What does the cerebellum do?

Postural ability, motor learning and coordination

What are afferent nerves?

Sensory

What are efferent nerves?

motor

What are all spinal nerves?

mixed nerves