Medical terminology Exam 2

A-

absence of, meaning

Bi-

two or both

Dia-

through, complete

Dys-

difficult, painful, abnormal, labored

Epi-

upon, on, over

Hyper-

above, excessive

Hypo-

deficient, below, under, incomplete

Intra-

within, in

Meta-

change, beyond, after

Neo-

new

Para-

beside, around, beyond, abnormal

Per-

through

Sub-

under below

Trans-

through, across, beyond

Uni

one

Aut/o

self

Bi/o

life

Coni/o

dust

Crypt/o

hidden

Cutane/o

skin

Derm/o

skin

Dermat/o

skin

Heter/o

other

Hidr/o

sweat

Kerat/o

hard, horny tissue, keratin

Myc/o

fungus

Necr/o

death

Onych/o

nail

Pachy/o

thick

Rhytid/o

wrinkles

Seb/o

sebum

Staphyl/o

grapelike clusters

Strept/o

twisted chains

Ungu/o

nail

Xer/o

dryness, dry

-ior

pertaining to

-itis

inflamtaion

-logist

specialist who studies and treats

-logy

study of

-malacia

softening

-megaly

enlarged, enlargement

-oid

resembling

-oma

tumor

-opsy

view of, process of viewing, viewing

-osis

abnormal condition, increased numbers relating to blood

-ous

pertaining to

-pathy

disease

-phagia

eating, swallowing

-plasia

development, growth, condition of formation

-plasm

growth, substance, formation

-plasty

surgical repair

-rrhea

flow, discharge

-sis

state of

-stasis

stop, controlling, standing

-tome

instrument used to cut

Abrasion

an area damaged by scraping or wearing away

Abscess

An enclosed collection of pus in tissues, organs, or confined spaces in the body

Acne

clogging of pores, which can lead to infection and inflammation and is often sen in adolescents.

Adipocyte

Fat cell

Adipose tissue

fat tissue

Albinism

A genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. This is due to the inability of melanocytes to produce melanin.

Apocrine sweat gland

associated with hair follicles in densely hairy areas, such as armpits and genital regions. Larger than eccrine sweat glands and lie deeper in the dermis, sometimes even reaching the hypodermis.

Autonomic nerve fibers

Found in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system that support temperature sensation.

Avascular

without blood vessels

Bacteria

single-cell microorganisms that reproduce by cell division and may cause infection by invading body tissue

Basal cell carcinoma

a type of skin cancer that most often develops on areas of skin exposed to the sun, such as the face.

Bedsore

A decubitus ulcers that are caused by constant, long-term, unrelieved pressure on certain body parts that are body, reducing blood flow to the area and leading to necrosis.

Benign

Non-cancerous

Biopsy

The removal of cells or tissue for examination by a pathologist

Burn

classified by the degree of their severity: first degree, second degree, third degree, and fourth degree.

Callus

A constant source of abrasion that occurs because the basal stem cells in the stratum basal are triggered to divide more often to increase the thickness of the skin at the point of abrasion to protect the rest of the body from further damage.

Cauterize

To destroy tissue using a hot or cold instrument, an electrical current, or a chemical that burns or dissolved the tissue to kill tumors or stop bleeding.

Cellulitis

An infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, characterized by tenderness, fever, and blisters.

Contusion

Injury resulting in a bruise

Cyanosis

A condition in which the oxygen supply is restricted, causing the skin to look blue.

Cyst

Closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material

Debridement

Excision of damaged tissue and cell debris from a wound or burn to prevent infection and promote healing

Dehydration

A net loss of water that results in insufficient water in blood and other tissues.

Dermabrasion

A procedure to remove superficial scars using sandpaper or revolving wire brushes.

Dermatitis

Inflammation of the skin

Dermatofibroma

Fibrous tumor of the skin

Dermatologist

Medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating skin disorders

Dermatology

Study of disorders of the skin

Dermatome

An area of skin supplied by sensory neurons that arise from a spinal nerve ganglion.

Dermis

The layer of skin that is made of dense, irregular connective tissue that houses blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, and other structures.

Diaphoresis

Sweating

Eccrine sweat gland

The major sweat glands of the human body, found in virtually all skin, with highest density in palm and soles.

Eczema

Non-infectious, inflammatory disease presenting as redness, blisters, scabs, and itching.

Edema

Swelling due to excessive liquid in the tissues.

Epidermis

The outer, protective layer of the skin

Excision skin surgery

A surgical procedure used to remove moles, cysts, skin cancer, and other skin growths using local anesthesia.

Exocytosis

A form of active transport in which a cell experts material using vesicular transport.

Fascia

Fibrous tissue

Frostbite

A condition in which conservation of the body core heat results in the skin freezing.

Gangrene

Death of tissue due to blood supply loss.

Hidradenitis

Inflammation of a sweat gland

Homeostasis

The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.

Hypodermis

Also known as the subcutaneous layer; the layer of the skin below the dermis that is composed mainly of loose connective and fatty tissues.

Incision

A cut made in the body to perform surgery

Infection

The invasion and growth of bacteria, viruses, yeast, fungi, or other microorganisms in the body.