Stars + constellations

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Orion: winter - greek greatest hunter - killed by scorpius

Meissa - double star - means “the shining one”

Betelgeuse - alpha star designation, though actually beta (originally because looked brighter with naked eye than rigel). Is semiregular variable star, meaning it dims and brighters unpredictably. Name means the armpit (incorrect translation revosed to hand of orion). Supernova within next 100,000 years. Red supegiant.

Rigel - Massive blue star - 7th brightest in sky. Name means “the foot.” Will become supernova, white dwarf, or black hole.

Mintaka - “The belt” -faintest of the belt stars. Binary star

Bellatrix - “female warrior” - luminosity from high temperature, not size. known sometimes as the “amazon star”

Alnilam - “string of pearls” - large and losing mass quickly

Alnitak - “the girdle” - triple star system

Saiph - “sword of the giant” - similar size and distance as Rigel, but not as bright.

Orion nebula + Trapezium cluster in lower middle

<p></p><p>Orion: winter - greek greatest hunter - killed by scorpius</p><p><strong>Meissa</strong> - double star - means “the shining one”</p><p><strong>Betelgeuse </strong>- alpha star designation, though actually beta (originally because looked brighter with naked eye than rigel). Is semiregular variable star, meaning it dims and brighters unpredictably. Name means the armpit (incorrect translation revosed to hand of orion). Supernova within next 100,000 years. Red supegiant.</p><p><strong>Rigel</strong> - Massive blue star - 7th brightest in sky. Name means “the foot.” Will become supernova, white dwarf, or black hole.</p><p><strong>Mintaka</strong> - “The belt” -faintest of the belt stars. Binary star</p><p><strong>Bellatrix</strong> - “female warrior” - luminosity from high temperature, not size. known sometimes as the “amazon star”</p><p><strong>Alnilam</strong> - “string of pearls” - large and losing mass quickly</p><p><strong>Alnitak</strong> - “the girdle” - triple star system</p><p><strong>Saiph</strong> - “sword of the giant” - similar size and distance as Rigel, but not as bright.</p><p><strong>Orion nebula + Trapezium cluster in lower middle</strong></p>
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Cassiopeia: mother of andromeda wife of cepheus who boasted about beauty - visible year-round (circumpolar)

Alpha Cassiopeiae (Schedar): from Arabic Al Sadr, "the breast"

Beta Cassiopeiae (Caph): Means “hand’ - spins at 92% of critical speed (max speed before lose mass at equator). 1.9 times more massive than sun, but full rotation every day.

Gamma Cassiopeiae (Navi has no traditional name): Named after American astronaut Virgil Ivan "Gus" Grissom’s middle name backwards

Delta Cassiopeiae (Ruchbah or Rukbat): Means “knee” - was used to determine the radius of earth

Epsilon Cassiopeiae (Segin): Often mistakenly referred to as Navi after astronaut who died in Apollo 1.

<p>Cassiopeia: mother of andromeda wife of cepheus who boasted about beauty - visible year-round (circumpolar)</p><p><strong>Alpha Cassiopeiae (Schedar)</strong>: from <span>Arabic </span><em>Al Sadr</em><span>, "the breast"</span></p><p><strong>Beta Cassiopeiae (Caph):</strong> Means “hand’ - spins at 92% of critical speed (max speed before lose mass at equator). 1.9 times more massive than sun, but full rotation every day.</p><p><strong>Gamma Cassiopeiae (Navi has no traditional name): </strong>Named after American astronaut Virgil Ivan "Gus" Grissom’s middle name backwards</p><p><strong>Delta Cassiopeiae (Ruchbah or Rukbat)</strong>: Means “knee” - was used to determine the radius of earth</p><p><strong>Epsilon Cassiopeiae (Segin</strong>): Often mistakenly referred to as Navi after astronaut who died in Apollo 1. </p>
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Gemini: Winter constellation

Pollux: Brightest, possible exoplanet named Thestias twoce mass of jupiter.

Castor: Second Brightest, one of two “twin stars” - Sextuple star system of three binary pairs 49 ly away (maybe 7 with extra brown dwarf?) - Two A type main sequence stars + 4 red dwarfs

γ Gem (Alhena) - “the brand on the neck of a camel”: owners mark

δ Gem (delta) (Wasat) - binary star - means “middle”

ε Gem (Mebsuta) - double star (double means stars could be far away from each other but appear in the same place to us) -” the outstretched paw” used to be part of an arabic constellation

ζ (zeta) Gem (Mekbuda) - yellow supergiant 220,000 times the size of the Sun - is double star with companion

η (eta) Gem (Propus) - greek “forward foot” - triple star system

<p><strong>Gemini:</strong> Winter constellation</p><p><strong>Pollux</strong>: Brightest, possible exoplanet named Thestias twoce mass of jupiter.</p><p><strong>Castor:</strong> Second Brightest, one of two “twin stars” - Sextuple star system of three binary pairs 49 ly away (maybe 7 with extra brown dwarf?) - Two A type main sequence stars + 4 red dwarfs</p><p><strong>γ Gem (Alhena) - “</strong>the brand on the neck of a camel”: owners mark</p><p><strong>δ Gem (delta) (Wasat)</strong> - binary star - means “middle”</p><p><strong>ε Gem (Mebsuta)</strong> - double star (double means stars could be far away from each other but appear in the same place to us) -” the outstretched paw” used to be part of an arabic constellation</p><p><strong>ζ (zeta) Gem (Mekbuda)</strong> - yellow supergiant 220,000 times the size of the Sun - is double star with companion</p><p><strong>η (eta) Gem</strong><span><strong> (Propus</strong>) - greek “forward foot” - triple star system</span></p>
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Invisible March-July —- most visible Nov-Dec

<p>Invisible March-July —- most visible Nov-Dec</p>
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Northernmost stars (pole stars)

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Ursa minor

de

7
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Draco

d

8
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Andromeda

d

9
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Hercules

e

10
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Scorpio

d

11
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Cepheus

w

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Pegasus

w

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Ursa major/big dipper

s