DPT 6040 Exam #1 GI Quiz

• Teeth
• Tongue
• Saliva

• Teeth
• Tongue
• Saliva

Name 1of 3 things in the mouth that aid in digestion

enzymes

Saliva contains ___________ that aid in breaking down food

Oropharynx

The epiglottis is part of which section of the pharynx?

Z-line

The junction between esophageal and stomach tissue is called ______-line?

TlO-Tll

The esophageal aperture (also known as the cardiac orifice or sphincter) is located at what vertebral level?

The pharynx

The voluntary phase of swallowing occurs as the bolus is pushed into what structure?

Hypoglossal {CNXII)

What motor nerve innervates the tongue?

Heartburn

What is pyrosis, a common type of esophageal discomfort?

gravity and peristalsis

What allows food to pass through the esophagus?

parotid, submandibular, sublingual

Name 2 salivary glands?

buccinator

The parotid duct penetrates through which muscle of the face?

Uvala

Touching this structure produces a gag reflex:

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

Name one of the three parts of the pharynx

· Protect teeth

· Assist in transport

Other than the breakdown of food, what is another function of saliva?

fundus of stomach

Point to the fundus on the drawing of the stomach

pyloric region of stomach

Point to the pyloric region on the drawing of the stomach

Duodenum

The pyloric sphincter controls the movement of chyme (liquid food) from the stomach into the ?

False

True or False? Digestion only occurs in the stomach.

The lesser curvature

What forms the shorter concave border of the stomach?

Continuous mucous layer

1. What protects the stomach from "eating itself'?

Hiatal hernia

1. What is a protrusion of a part of the stomach into the mediastinum through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm?

pyloric region

1. Where does stomach cancer frequently occur?

Left Upper Quadrant

1. Which quadrant contains a majority of the stomach?

Peristalsis

1. What is the term associated with propulsion of food?

pyloric sphincter

1. The sphincter between the stomach and the duodenum is the ...

Spleen

The tail of the pancreas is in close proximity to the hilum of what other organ?

duodenum

The pancreatic duct connects the common bile duct... which then empties into what?

HEAD, NECK, BODY AND TAIL OF PANCREAS

What are the four parts of the pancreas?

left kidney

Which kidney does the tail of the pancreas lie anterior to?

Pancreatectomy

In chronic pancreatitis, most of the pancreas is removed by what procedure?

insulin and glucagon

The pancreas is responsible for which two endocrine secretions?

abdominal aorta

Which major artery is located directly behind the spleen

Control of blood glucose

Insulin is responsible for what?

a. Mechanical filtration of blood
b. Helps fight infection
c. Production of opsonins, properdin, tuftsin
d. Creation of RBCs
e. Storage of platelets

Name one function of the spleen

The liver

What organ takes over for the spleen, if the spleen can't do its job?

left upper abdominal quadrant

Which quadrant is the spleen located?

The spleen

What is the largest lymphatic organ in the body?

Superior

Is the spleen located inferior, superior, anterior or posterior to the kidney?

Splenic Artery

Which artery provides blood to the spleen?

portal triad

The ______________ is an area at the liver named after its triangular shape and its three major components: the hepatic artery, the hepatic portal vein, and the hepatic ducts, or bile ducts.

The ______________- serves as a blood-vessel gateway or entrance of the liver's hepatic lobule.

a. Bile duct
b. Hepatic artery
c. Portal vein

Name one structure/vessel that makes up the portal triad of the liver

a. Liver

What is the largest organ and gland in the body?

a. Right lobe, left lobe, quadrate lobe, caudate lobe

Name 1 lobe of the liver?

a. Alcoholic hepatitis leading up to cirrhosis

Excessive alcohol use can lead up to what fatal condition?

Portal vein, hepatic artery

Where does the liver receive its blood supply?

· Storage
· Detox

Name I major function of the liver?

breakdown of fat

The function of bile is what?

Carry nutrient rich blood from intestines for processing in the liver

Function of the portal veins is what? be specific.

a. Pancreatic enzymes (secretions)
b. Bile

Name one substance that is added to the chyme (liquid food) in the duodenum

a. Duodenum
b. Jejunum
c. Ileum

Name 2 of the 3 sections of the small intestine

plica

Folds in the stomach are called rugae...what are the wrinkles lining the walls of the small intestine called?

jejunum

In which section of the small intestine does the majority of absorption take place?

duodenum

What is the first part of the small intestine?

C-shaped

What letter shape does the duodenum resemble?

Pancreas

What organ does the duodenum course around?

duodenum

Where do peptic ulcers usually take place?

a. Transverse colon

What part of the large intestine is a landmark that demarcates the upper quadrant from the lower quadrant?

Cecum

The appendix is located on the inferior aspect of what part of the large intestine?

True

True or False- the rectum is just a storage area, no absorption occurs here

water

What is absorbed in the large intestine?

cecum

What is the first part of the large intestine?

The order of the large intestines is: cecum, ascending colon, hepatic flexure, transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon.

Order of the large intestines

Appendectomy

What is the surgical removal of the appendix called?

a. Hyperplasia of lymphatic follicles

b. Fecalith

c. Thrombosis in appendicular artery

What could be a cause of appendicitis?

Ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid

What are 3 of the 4 parts of the colon?

worm-like

Vermiform appendix is the full name for the appendix. What does vermiform mean?

Gas

What is the NOTICABLE by-product of digestion?

S-Shape

The sigmoid colon is named for its ______ Shape

Diverticulitis

Small pouches, usually in the sigmoid colon, that bulge outward from the colon and become inflamed are called:

a. Superior border- diaphragm

b. Inferior border- pelvic floor

What structures form the superior and inferior borders of the abdominopelvic region?

a. Liver

b. Gall bladder

The ______ produces bile, while the _____ stores bile.

a. Most inferior

Pelvic floor question- The levator ani is a group of 3 muscles in the pelvic floor- are they the most superior muscles or the most inferior muscles in the pelvic floor?

Mc Burney's point

Halfway between the umbilicus and the right ASIS is . This is where palpation causes pain with appendicitis.

Greater Omentum

What is the large flap of fatty tissue that covers the anterior portion of the gut called?

Filtration

The kidney main function?

Superior

In location to the kidney where is the adrenal gland located?

a. Epi

b. Norepi

Which two hormones does the adrenal gland produce?

Retroperitoneal

What is the word commonly used to describe the location of the kidney in the body?