Cell Cycle

interphase, mitosis, cytokenisis

Which phase of the cell cycle is the longest?

Interphase

Give two occurrences during interphase

Cell growth and cell division

At the **end** of interphase, what occurs?

DNA Replication

During **mitosis**, cells _____

divide

Do all cells undergo mitosis?

No

Give an example of a cell that **doesnt** undergo mitosis

nerve cells

What are the four phases of mitosis?

prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

In **unicellular** organisms, mitosis leads to…

reproduction

In **multicellula**r organisms, mitosis leads to…

growth and repair

Outline two major events of prophase

nuclear membrane breaks down; chromatids form

Outline two major events of metaphase

chromatids align along the middle, spindle fibres reach out

Outline two major events of anaphase

spindle fibres contract; sister chromatids are pulled apart

Outline **three** major events of telophase

chromosomes are at opposite poles, chromatids unravel, nuclear membrane reforms

What is a centriole

cylindrical organelle involved in the development of spindle fibres during cell division

What is chromatin

mass of unravelled chromosomes

What is the centromere

the point of attachment of the sister chromatids during cell division

what is a chromatid

the identical half of a duplicated chromosome

What is cytokenisis

the physical process of cell division

During cytokenisis in animal cells, the ring of … forms around the … of the cell, causing a … … to form

microfilaments, middle, cleavage furrow

Cytokenisis forms

two identical daughter cells

During cytokenisis in plant cells, … containing … … material gather in the … of the cell

vesicles, cell wall, middle

What is the cell plate?

a partition that forms during telophase of a plant cell

The cell plate is formed during ----phase of mitosis in plants

telo

What is formed to replace the cell plate during plant cell mitosis?

middle lamella

what is cancer?

when cells lose the ability to regulate their rate of mitosis

What are some causes of cancer?

carcinogens, smoke, UV Rays, genetics

Meiosis is useful in the production of …

gametes