Chapter 26

space, phsc

The Nebula Theory states that the sun and planets were formed together by a cloud of ___ and ___ , called a nebula.

gas

dust

In space, if a cloud is pulled inwards, what is the spin fast or slow?

fast

Inner Planets

• Composition:

• Other name:

rocky, small, dense

Terrestrial planets

Outer Planets

• Composition:

• Other name:

gaseous, large, rings

Jovian Planet

Mars and Earth are similar why?

they both have moons 2,1

In Synene (Egypt), the sun was directly overhead and allowed ____ to calculate Earth's circumference.

Eratosthenes

Earth spins on a daily axis, and it revolves around the sun, and the Moon orbits the Earth. Who came up with this idea?

Aristarchus

The sun was formed 5 billion years ago from ____ in its interior.

thermonuclear fusion

Describe Thermalnuclear Fusion

hydrogen and helium fuse together, producing light and heat

which layer is the visible layer of the sun, made of plasma

photosphere

Sunspots (Photosphere)

cool, darker regions on sun, created by strong magnetic fields

made of plasma, above photosphere, eclipse seen as pink border

Chromosphere

outermost region, highest temp PLASMA, solar winds

Corona

Solar winds

hurricane of protons and electrons that have escaped the sun’s atmosphere into space

What powers and produces comet tails?

solar winds

T/F - Solar winds power the sun

F, thermonuclear fusion

T/F - The Sun spins on different rates at different latitudes.

T, equator 25 days, above 36 days

• Closest to Earth

• 88 days = 1 Earth year

• Long days and night

• Little atmosphere, reason for cold

Mercury

Mercury is the closest to the Sun, meaning what?

fastest orbit

The Earth’s Moon and Mercury both have low gravity, why?

low mass

• Very similar to Earth

• Dense atmosphere, 95% greenhouse effect

• Rotation opposite to Earth, no moon.

Venus

Venus has lots of CO2 gas. What does that mean for temperatures?

trap lots of heat

Earth