ANAPHY LAB ACTIVITY 2 ANIMAL CELLS: SIZES and FORMS

Capillary, X-S Squamous Epithelial cell HPO, 400x

Capillary, X-S Squamous Epithelial cell HPO, 400x

• -Thin, large, and flat, and consisting of a round a nucleus

• diffusion

Human Kidney , X-S Renal Tubules HPO, 400X

Human Kidney , X-S Renal Tubules HPO, 400X

• Simple cuboidal epithelium

• Absorption, excretion, and secretion

Human Duodenum Epithelial lining HPO, 400X

Human Duodenum Epithelial lining HPO, 400X

• Villi are covered with simple columnar epithelium

• Absorption

• Goblet cells – mucus-secreting cells

Smooth Muscle Cell (l.s.), HPO, 400X

Smooth Muscle Cell (l.s.), HPO, 400X

• Fusiform/spindle-shaped, round in the center and tapering at each end

• Uninucleated

• 30 – 200 microns in length, 1-5 microns in diameter

• Permits a close contact among cells in the splanchnic and vascular wall

Skeletal Muscle Cell (l.s.), HPO, 400X

Skeletal Muscle Cell (l.s.), HPO, 400X

• Cylindrical, elongated

• Increases the strength of the muscles

• Multinucleated

• 2-3 cm long; 100 microns in diameter

• Striated due to arrangement of actin and myosin

Cardiac Muscle Cell (l.s.), HPO, 400X

Cardiac Muscle Cell (l.s.), HPO, 400X

• Long, branched cells, shaped like cylinders joined end-to-end

• Intercalated discs between muscles fibers

• Allow for rapid electric transmission (action potential)

• Striated

• Uninucleated, centrally-located

• 10–20 μm in diameter and 50–100 μm in length

Human Spinal Cord Motor Neurons HPO, 400X

Human Spinal Cord Motor Neurons HPO, 400X

• Stellate shape neuron (cell)

• Multipolar neuron

• cell body is at one end, long axon in the middle, and the dendrites at the other end

• Transmit electrical signals over long distances in the body

Human Sperm Smear HPO, 400X

Human Sperm Smear HPO, 400X

• Head- oval-shaped, contains haploid chromosome in the nucleus

• Midpiece – mitochondria for energy production

• Tail - flagellum propels the sperm cell (at about 1–3 mm/minute in humans) by whipping in an elliptical cone

Human Blood Smear Erythrocytes HPO, 400X

Human Blood Smear Erythrocytes HPO, 400X

• Biconcave disc-shaped

• Diameter of 6 - 8 μm

• Non-nucleated

• Can accommodate more hemoglobin for a more efficient blood transportation

Suggests dysplasia or malignancy due to loss of normal growth regulation (Kumar et al., 2020).

Follow-up diagnostics: histopathology, imaging, and molecular tests to confirm cancer risk or presence

1.1. You observe a patient’s blood smear under the microscope and notice sickle-shaped erythrocytes. How does this altered cell shape affect oxygen delivery, and what nursing considerations should be prioritized for this patient?