Immune System

Acquired Immunity

Immunity that comes after exposure
-very specific
-The B and T cells remain in the body at low levels until the body is exposed to the same pathogens from previous infection

Lysozyme

Neutrophil

In inflammatory response, it digests pathogens and cell debris and releases pus. After, it dies.

Macrophage

an antigen presenting cell, stimulates the development of acquired immunity

Interferons

a defensive protein, if a cell has been infected by a virus, the cell will release this protein that acts like an alarm to the other cells

Complements System

it consists of 30 or more plasma proteins and compromises the cell membrane of the invader. this causes water to rush into it, lysing the cell.

Inflammatory Response

mast cells release histamine, which causes the blood vessels to be leaky. this makes them more permeable and more white blood cells enter the infected area. neutrophil digests the pathogens and cell debris, releasing pus and dying. some of the macrophages are antigen presenting cells

Mast Cells

release histamine during inflammatory response

Histamine

causes blood vessels to be leaky, therefore more permeable

Pyrogens

They cause the body temperature to increase to a fever during systemic inflammatory response because at a higher temperature, immune system cells work better

Natural Killer Cells

nonspecific, patrols and looks for Class 1 MHC to determine whether or not a cell belongs
-Releases the cytoxic protein perforin (to punch a hole) and granzyme (to program the cell to die)

Lymphocytes

cells that fight infections by producing antibodies

T Cells

lymphocytes that are made in bone marrow but mature in thymus

B Cells

lymphocytes that are made and mature in the bone marrow

Antigen

surface marker on an invader that brings about an immune response

Antigen Receptors

binds to the antigens on invaders

Antibody or Immunoglobulin

Epitope

Antigen Presentation

after dendritic cells and macrophages eat an invader, they will present the antigen to initiate the adaptive immune response

Class 1 MHC

a surface protein that all nucleated cells have
-identifies them as "Self" or belonging

Class II MHC

only present on antigen presenting cells, where they display the antigen

Helper t

aid with acquired immunity, release cytokines to stimulate other lymphocytes

Effector Cells

fights current attacks

Memory Cells

used for future attacks of the same pathogen

Clonal Selection

the proliferation of lymphocytes

Primary Immune Response

Plasma Cells

Secondary Response

Humoral Immune Response

activation and clonal selection of B cells, resulting in production of secreted antibodies

Cell Mediated Response

the activation and clonal selection of cytotoxic T cells

CD4

surface protein that helps helper T cells interact

CD8

surface protein on cytotoxic T

Active Immunity

Passive Immmunity

AIDS

Allergens

Understood Blood Groups

Autoimmune Disease