Body/Cellular Responses Overview

acute

short term type of inflammation that occurs right after infection

chronic

type of inflammation that occurs long-term

extravasation

exiting the bloodstream through permeable capillaries

cell addition molecules (CAMs) and chemokines

facilitate extraversion of innate immune cells, contributes to inflammation

COX2

activates prostaglandins which migrate to hypothalamus to cause a fever

TNF-alpha and IL6

cytokines that promote inflammation (not COX2)

MyD88

mutations in ______ usually kills infants, but they can survive if they live past 5 years because other mechanisms take over

septic shock

caused by gram - bacterial lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin)

TLR4

toll-like receptor that recognizes lipopolysaccharides (ex. gram - bacteria)

helicobacter pylori

bacteria that has toxin that causes chronic inflammation that can become stomach cancer

DAMP cholesterol

can cause atherosclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease

IL-1B and TNFa

cytokines that have positive feedback loop response in the bloodstream

TLR2 and dectin 1

yeast positive feedback loop cytokines, second one is a CLR

TLR3, RIG-1, MDA 5

dengue fever positive feedback loop cytokines

IL1, IL10, IL-1Ra

three examples of inhibitory interleukins

short MyD88

works with IKB to inhibit NF-KB, negative feedback loop after extended LPS exposure gives rise to LPS tolerance

freunds

adjuvant that has mineral oil and killed mycobacteria

alum

adjuvant precipitate of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate, under scrutiny because of the response it may cause

TLR ligand and Ag

two components in an adjuvant, could potentially lead to septic shock if the response is too high

SP-A, SP-D, MBL

three examples of opsonins, have similar functions to some antibody complement pathways