Photosynthesis Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover key concepts, definitions, and processes related to photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, some bacteria and some protistans use the energy from sunlight to produce glucose from and .

carbon dioxide and water

Chlorophyll is a complex __ associated with the action of the green pigment in photosynthesis.

molecule

The word equation for photosynthesis is + + .

carbon dioxide + water glucose + oxygen

All photosynthetic organisms have chlorophyll .

a

Accessory pigments include chlorophyll b, xanthophylls, and __.

carotenoids

The structural unit of photosynthesis is the __.

thylakoid

Water enters the root and is transported up to the leaves through specialized plant cells known as __ vessels.

xylem

Carbon dioxide cannot pass through the protective waxy layer covering the leaf (cuticle), but it can enter through the __.

stoma

Photosynthesis occurs in two stages: the light-dependent reactions and the __ reactions.

light-independent

The first photosystem is known as Photosystem __ (P680).

II

During the light-dependent reactions, water is split into oxygen, hydrogen ions, and __.

electrons

The process of using light energy to make ATP is called __.

photophosphorylation

The Z scheme describes the energy changes accompanying the electron transfer during __ phosphorylation.

non-cyclic

The electron transport chain provides energy to pump __ ions across the thylakoid membrane.

H+

Cyclic phosphorylation generates more __ to drive the light-independent reactions.

ATP

In the Calvin cycle, carbon dioxide combines with __ to form unstable six-carbon sugar.

ribulose 1,5-biphosphate (RuBP)

The first stable product of the Calvin Cycle is __, a 3-carbon chemical.

phosphoglycerate (PGA)

chlorophyl

The green pigment found in plants that captures light energy for photosynthesis.