Charles Ives

Charles Ives was the first American to move away from the Romantic European conventions of form and style by employing dissonance, atonality, complex rhythms, and nonlinear structures.
He experimented with techniques such as polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones.
Charles got his influences by sitting in the Danbury town square and listening to his father's marching band and other bands on the other sides of the square simultaneously.
He’s considered to be one of the leading American composers of art music in the 20th century.
He often incorporates popular tunes from the period in his compositions. In “Central Park in the Dark” he quotes “Hello! Ma Baby” within the ragtime pianos and the Washington Post March within the street band.

Halim El-Dahb

Halim El-Dahb was an influential Egyptian composer, musicologist and educator with a musical career spanning 60 years.
He is known to have created the earliest musique concrète piece in 1944 and can be seen as one of the first creators of electronic music.
He gained access to a magnetic sound recorder through the Middle East Radio, while studying.
- Although the recorder weighed 17 pounds and needed a heavy microphone, he carried this equipment in the streets of Cairo to record outside sounds.
He recorded the piece The Expression of Zaar or Wire Recorded Piece (1944).
- This piece’s main subject is a “pre-Islamic ritual” called a Zaar ceremony.
With this first experiment, El-Dabh discovered the potential of sound recordings as raw material to compose.

He is known for experimenting with chance controlled music and the nonstandard use of musical instruments and found objects.
He first started to study with composer Henry Cowell in New York in 1933, his goal being to get ready to study with Arnold Schoenberg.
He started to compose for choreographies at UCLA where he taught a "Musical Accompaniments for Rhythmic Expression.” During that time, he decided to use random household objects to create sounds following the thoughts of Oskar Fischinger, an abstract animator, film maker and painter.
Cage was very interested in modern dance and choreography. He got different jobs in universities to collaborate with groups of dancers.

Pauline Oliveros was a composer, accordionist, and an important figure in the development of experimental and electronic art music.
She started playing the accordion at age 9 and later learned the violin, French horn and tuba while in college.
Pauline Oliveros developed new music theories and new approaches to listening and focusing on music with her concepts of “ sonic awareness” and “deep listening.”
Gender inequalities is also an important theme in many of her work.
In the 1970s, Pauline Oliveros departed from music notation to write text scores with the purpose of making it available to everyone regardless of status or ability, and to free music from the intellectual elite or “specialists.”
Pauline Oliveros was an innovator in technology, developing her own Expended Instrument System (EIS) and contributing in the development of music software for people with disability such as (AUMI)

Charles Ives was the first American to move away from the Romantic European conventions of form and style by employing dissonance, atonality, complex rhythms, and nonlinear structures.
He experimented with techniques such as polytonality, polyrhythm, tone clusters, aleatory elements, and quarter tones.
Charles got his influences by sitting in the Danbury town square and listening to his father's marching band and other bands on the other sides of the square simultaneously.
He’s considered to be one of the leading American composers of art music in the 20th century.
He often incorporates popular tunes from the period in his compositions. In “Central Park in the Dark” he quotes “Hello! Ma Baby” within the ragtime pianos and the Washington Post March within the street band.

Halim El-Dahb was an influential Egyptian composer, musicologist and educator with a musical career spanning 60 years.
He is known to have created the earliest musique concrète piece in 1944 and can be seen as one of the first creators of electronic music.
He gained access to a magnetic sound recorder through the Middle East Radio, while studying.
- Although the recorder weighed 17 pounds and needed a heavy microphone, he carried this equipment in the streets of Cairo to record outside sounds.
He recorded the piece The Expression of Zaar or Wire Recorded Piece (1944).
- This piece’s main subject is a “pre-Islamic ritual” called a Zaar ceremony.
With this first experiment, El-Dabh discovered the potential of sound recordings as raw material to compose.

He is known for experimenting with chance controlled music and the nonstandard use of musical instruments and found objects.
He first started to study with composer Henry Cowell in New York in 1933, his goal being to get ready to study with Arnold Schoenberg.
He started to compose for choreographies at UCLA where he taught a "Musical Accompaniments for Rhythmic Expression.” During that time, he decided to use random household objects to create sounds following the thoughts of Oskar Fischinger, an abstract animator, film maker and painter.
Cage was very interested in modern dance and choreography. He got different jobs in universities to collaborate with groups of dancers.

Pauline Oliveros was a composer, accordionist, and an important figure in the development of experimental and electronic art music.
She started playing the accordion at age 9 and later learned the violin, French horn and tuba while in college.
Pauline Oliveros developed new music theories and new approaches to listening and focusing on music with her concepts of “ sonic awareness” and “deep listening.”
Gender inequalities is also an important theme in many of her work.
In the 1970s, Pauline Oliveros departed from music notation to write text scores with the purpose of making it available to everyone regardless of status or ability, and to free music from the intellectual elite or “specialists.”
Pauline Oliveros was an innovator in technology, developing her own Expended Instrument System (EIS) and contributing in the development of music software for people with disability such as (AUMI)

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