Chapter 12 - Chemical Kinetics

Catalysts

Catalysts

________ can be classified as homogeneous or heterogeneous homogeneous: They exist in the same phase as the reactants.

Chemical kinetics

________ deals with the speed at which these changes occur.

prefix uni

The ________- means one, bi- means two, and ter- means three.

t1 2

For a first- order reaction, ________ is independent of the initial concentration.

frequency

A depends on the collision ________ and relative orientation of the molecules.

Unimolecular step

________: A reaction involving one molecule.

theory of gases

The kinetic molecular ________ predicts that an increase in temperature raises molecular velocities and so increases the frequency of collisions between molecules.

value of Ea

The ________ can be found by obtaining the values of k at several temperatures 12.8 Catalysis.

proportionality constant k

The ________, called the rate constant, and n, called the order of the reactant, must both be determined by experiment.

identical molecules

When two ________ combine, the resulting molecule is called a dimer.

original concentration

The time required for a reactant to reach half its ________ is called the half- life of a reactant.

Bimolecular

________ and termolecular: Reactions involving the collision of two and three species.

rate law

To experimentally determine the integrated ________ for a reaction, concentrations are measured at various values of t as the reaction proceed.

zero-order reaction

A(n) ________ has a constant rate.

Elementary step

________: rate law for the step can be written from the molecularity of the reaction 12.7 A Model for Chemical Kinetics.

K

________ is the rate constant is the order; not related to the coefficients in the balanced equation.

Heterogeneous catalysis

________ also occurs in the oxidation of gaseous sulfur dioxide to gaseous sulfur trioxide.

Reaction mechanism

________, a series of elementary steps that must satisfy two requirements: The sum of the elementary steps must give the overall balanced equation for the reaction.

order reaction

For a first- ________, a plot of ln [A] versus t is always a straight line.