Chapter 4 Histology

What are the four types of tissues

Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

Cellular junction

Points of contact between cells

What is a tissue?

A group of specialized cells performing one or more specific function

What is the epithelial tissue facing?

Exposed surface/lumen

What is the cytoskeleton made up of?

Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules

What is the adhesion belt made up of?

Plaque (dense layer of proteins/actin)

Microvilli

Finger like projections found on the apical surface

What is the most common junction between skin cells?

Desmosomes

What do plaques in adherens junctions attach to?

Actin ( a microfilament) and cadherin

What do plaques in desmosomes attach to?

Keratin and cadherin

What are the two parts of epithelial tissue?

Covering and lining epithelium and glandular epithelium

Glandular epithelium

Epithelia that form glands

Covering and lining epithelium

Epithelia that cover or line internal, external surfaces and lumens

Filtration

Certain substances can cross the epithelium

Neuroepithelium

Specialized epithelia that function as receptors for special senses (smell, taste, vision, hearing)

Apical surface

Exposed surface that faces the exposed surface or lumen

Basal surface

Attached to basement membrane (basal lamina and reticular lamina)

Lateral surface

Most cellular junctions are commonly found

The basal surface is in direct contact with what component of the basement membrane?

Basal lamina

Avascular

No blood vessel

What does simple mean in epithelial tissue?

One cell layer

What does stratified mean in epithelial tissue?

2 or more cell layers

Mesothelium

Alveoli of lungs, lining of ventral body cavities

Endothelium

Lines chambers of heart and blood vessels

What is the extracellular matrix made up of?

Ground substance, connective tissue fibers, extracellular adhesion molecules

Fibroblasts

Produce all three types of connective tissue fibers by secreting their respective protein subunits

Chrondroblast

Cell responsible for producing the components of cartilage

Chondrocyte

Cartilage cell done producing cartilage and is surrounded by lacunae

Necrosis

The tissue destruction that occurs after cells have been damaged or killed

Pus

Accumulation of debris, fluid, dead and dying cells, and necrotic tissue

Abscess

An accumulation of pus in an enclosed tissue

Fibrosis

Permanent replacement of normal tissue by scar tissue

Carcinoma

A cancer arising in the epithelial tissue of the skin or the lining of the internal organs

Sarcoma

A cancer arising in connective or other nonepithelial tissue

Lesion

A region in an organ or tissue that has suffered damage from injury or disease

Remission

Abatement, ending, or lessening in severity of signs and symptoms of disease

Biopsy

Process of removing tissue samples

Autopsy

An examination of the organs of a cadaver to determine cause of death or to determine pathology

What type of glands are mammory glands?

Compound alveolar

What type of glands are salivary glands?

Compound tubuloalveolar

What type of glands are merocrine sweat glands?

Simple coiled tubular

What type of glands are sebaceous glands?

Simple branched alveolar