Physics- Rotational Equilibrium

to make an object turn or rotate

what is torque?

torque produces rotation

torque produces what?

a torque is produced

what is produced when a force is applied with leverage?

longer handle

a longer handle or a shorter handle on a hammer will produce more torque?

perpendicular push or pull

in what direction must a force be applied to produce torque?

the distance from the turning axis to the point of contact

what is a lever arm?

torque = force x lever

the formula for torque is what?

the same torque can be produced by a large force with a short lever arm, or a small force with a long lever arm

how can the same torque be applied with both a smaller force and a larger force?

true

TRUE OR FALSE : the same force can produce different amounts of force

there is no change in rotation

what happens if torques are balanced?

where all the mass of an object can be considered to be concentrated

define center of mass

at the geometric center of the objects

where is the center of mass in a symmetrical object?

toward the heavier end

where is the center of mass in an irregularly shaped object?

objects not made of the same material throughout

when can the center of mass be far away from the center?

edge of the object

a force must be applied WHERE for an object to spin?

outside area of support

where is the center of gravity located on an object if it tumbles over?

above base of support

where is the center of gravity if it remains upright?

Stable- balanced so that any displacement raises center of mass.

Unstable- balanced so that any displacement lowers center of mass

what is the difference between stable and unstable equilibrium?

if much of the structure is below ground level

how is the center of gravity lowered in a building?

rotational inertia

the resistance of an object to changes in its rotational motion is called what?

a torque

what is required to change the rotational state of motion of an object?

distribution of the mass

rotational inertia depends on what?

when the mass is extended from axis of rotation

rotational inertia is greatest when?

longitudinal axis- rotational inertia

transversus axis- you rotate around

medial axis- front to back

what are the 3 principle axes of rotation in the human body and give an example of each?

extending leg or arm, somersault, cartwheel

describe how the 3 principle axes of rotation in the human body in terms of direction

least- longitudinal axis

most- through the hands

which principle axes is the rotational inertia the least? the most?

increase- extend arms or legs

decrease- bring in arms or legs

how can you increase rotational inertia in the longitudinal axes? decrease it?

least- tuck position

most- through the hands

in the transverse axes, when is the rotational inertia the least? the most?

mass is extended from axis

when is rotational inertia the greatest?

medial axis

what is the least common axes of rotation for humans?

hollow cylinder

which will roll down an incline with the fastest acceleration? a solid cylinder or hollow cylinder?