Period 2 ID's

APUSH

Jamestown (1607)

First permanent English Settlement. No Women or Children, all gentlemen.

The Stuart Kings

James I, Charles I, Charles II, James II

Protestant Reformation/English Reformation

Started with Martin Luther, questioning the Catholic Church

John Calvin

Founder of Calvinism

Predestination

The ideology that God has already decided who will go to Heaven

The Elect

People that God decided will be going to heaven

Anglican Church

English Church set up by Henry the 8th to break away from the Catholic Church, Protestant

Puritans

Held the belief that the Anglican Church could be fixed, stayed in England for a while

Separatists

Held the belief that the Anglican Church couldn’t be fixed, left for the NW

Wampanoags

The NAI that were on the land that the Pilgrims settled on

Virginia Company

JSC settled in Virginia for Gold

Massachusetts Bay Company

A JSC made by the Puritans to legitimize their voyage

John Winthrop/ “City on a hill” Ideology

First Governor of the MBC/ A speech that stated that they were a shining example for other civilizations to imitate

Congregational Church

The Church established by the Pilgrims, the leaders of the Congregational Church governed Plymouth. Not Secular

Anne Hutchinson

Challenged the Congregational Church with her own ideas and reasoning, amassed a large following. Banished and eventually killed by NAI

Roger Williams

Founded Rhode Island with Anne Hutchinson

Halfway Covenant

The Congregational Church released a doctrine that allowed unbaptized men to vote and become part of the elect.

Salem Witch Trials

East Vs. West conflict between young women (East) and powerful and established women (West)

Mayflower compact

An agreement written on board the Mayflower that legitimized the settlement of Plymouth by the Pilgrims. They agreed to live and work together.

Massachusetts Bay

The Colony where the Pilgrims and Puritans lived

Indentured Servants

Poor people from Britain worked for 5-7 years in the NW. They were then given 50 acres of (poor) land to live and farm on and eventually phased out in favor of Slaves.

Rhode Island

Dissenter Colony founded by Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

King Philip’s/Metacom’s War

MBC Attacks the Wampanoags and decimate their numbers. The NAI retaliate and attack 52 Puritan villages. Metacom is captured and executed and the war fizzles out.

Bacon’s rebellion

Nathanial Bacon led an army of ex-indentured servants to attack NAI, which Governor Berekely of Jamestown didn’t like. Bacon burns down Jamestown and promptly shits himself to death.

Pueblo Revolt/Popes Rebellion

Pueblo Indians revolt against Spanish Conquistadors, the Spanish retreat for a decade before annihilating the Pueblos.

Pennsylvania

Proprietary Colony given to William Penn. Penn advertises his colony to Europeans to recruit settlers. Penn is a pacifist and buys the land from the NAI, that changes once he dies.

Quakers

Religious sect of Protestantism, pacifist, pain in the butt of English Gov so they send them to the NW to get rid of them.

New Amsterdam/NY

New Amsterdam was a Dutch Colony/fort but was abandoned when the English came. Name changed to New York after the Duke of York.

Joint Stock Company (JSC)

A bunch of rich dudes invest in an exploration to get richer, the English Crown has to sign off on it and they get a portion of any profits made.

The Chesapeake

The bay where Jamestown was settled

John Rolfe

Taught by the Powhatans to cultivate tobacco which saved Jamestown financially

John Smith

Sets rules for Jamestown, forces everyone to work; “He who doesn’t work, doesn’t eat”

Pocahontas and the Powhatans

They were the Indians present in the Jamestown region, helped the settlers

Tobacco

A labor-intensive cash crop that was farmed for profit

House of Burgesses

The Government of Jamestown

Headright System

The system that incentivized the Coastal Elite to bring Indentured Servants over

Act of Toleration

Rhode Island law that allowed religions in which Jesus was a god and outlawed any other religions

The Carolinas

Proprietary colony that was given to dukes in the West Indies so that they could feed their slaves.

Restoration Colonies

New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and the Carolinas

Middle Passage

The route that slave ships took to get to the NW

British West Indies

Proprietary Colony given to rich dukes to farm cash crops

Sugar

Cash crop that was farmed in the British West Indies

Georgia

England sent debtors to Georgia in the hopes that they’d make a living for themselves. Buffer colony between South Colonies and Spain.

Slave Laws

Laws laid out to keep the slave population in control as they outnumbered their white masters

Triangular Trade

Slave and resources go from Africa to NW. Resources and money go from NW to England. England ships raw materials to Africa.

Great Puritan Migration

Puritans realize that the Anglican Church is unsalvageable so they migrate to the NW with the MBC

Slave Codes

Slaves aren’t allowed to congregate. Slaves aren’t allowed to be taught how to read and write. Slaves can’t grow their own food. Slaves can’t hit their masters or they get hung.

Stono rebellion

Spain incentivized the slaves to revolt and run away, the slaves are captured and some are executed.

Chattel Slavery

A system where individuals are treated as personal property to be bought, sold, and owned.