Ch. 8: Human Development and Socialization

Adolescence

The period of time from approximately 11-12 to 19-20 years. The child has reached se*ual maturity, but has not yet assumed many or most of the rights and responsibilities of adulthood

Adulthood

The period of time from 20 years onward. The individual has achieved adult status as prescribed by norms and laws of a particular religion, culture, or society

Attachment

A strong emotional bond or tie between an individual and an attachment figure

Childhood

The period of time from age 2 to 11-12 years. The child acquires language and learns about the most important social skills

Human development

The changes in physical, psychological, and social behavior as experienced by individuals across the life span from conception to death

Identity

The view of oneself as an individual and a member of society

Infancy

The period of time from birth to 2 years when the child acquires initial motor, cognitive, and social skills

Late adulthood

The period of physical erosion and decline

Morality

A complex cognitive, emotional, and behavioral construct associated with the individual’s understanding of right and wrong based laregely on societal norms

Openness model

The theoretical view proposing that adults continue to change their attitudes and behavior in order to adjust to changing situations

Persistence model

The theoretical view proposing adults acquire attitudes and behaviors early in life and tend not to change them later

Prenatal period

The period of time between conception and birth, which lasts approximately 38 weeks

Socialization

The process by which the individual becomes a member of a particular culture and incorporates its values, beliefs, and behaviors

Temperament

The combination of mental, physical and emotional traits - present in infancy and presumably of a genetic nature - that manifest in mood and behavior; one’s natural predisposition