Mythology

Chapters 2&3

What is Demeter’s Roman name?

Ceres

Who was the goddess of corn (wheat-staple), daughter or cronus and rhea, and also called “Holy Grain” bc without wheat they die

Demeter (Greek) ceres (Roman) 

Eleusinian mysteries 

Mysteries around Demeter 

The god - wants a wife and sees Persephone and abducts her 

Hades 

The - goes on for nine days 

 “rape (abduction) of Persephone”

The sun God - sees everything go on between hades and Persephone 

Helios

Demeter went to - disguised as - 

Eleusis, An old lady 

Girls come up to - and ask their mom (meraneneira) to take her to their house and take care of -

Demeter 

Demeter becomes a nanny of - 

Demophoon 

Demeter tries to make - immortal (will put him in a fire) 

Demophoon 

- sees Demophoon in a fire and flips our on Demeter so she leaves Eleesis and wonders the earth

Metanerira

- gets depressed and stops growing things so the world goes into a famine

Demeter

- tells hades to let go of Persephone bc the world will be ruined 

Zeus 

What trick did hades pull?

Hades said that he would let Persephone go but made her eat a pomegranate before she left. This is a trick bc she ate 4 seeds and therefore has to go back to the underworld 4 moths of the year. This is why winter exists

A myth that explains why something happens (winter)

Aethiologicak myth 

Demeter and bacchus are - that lived on earth 

Suffering gods 

Daughter of Demeter 

Persephone (proserpine) 

What is bacchus’s Greek name?

Dionysus

Who was the goddess of wine, newest god, son of Zeus and semele 

Bacchus (Roman) Dionysus (Greeks) 

Zeus swears by the river - (can’t break promise) that he will give semele anything 

“Styx”

What did Zeus do that killed semele 

Semele asks to see what Zeus rlly looks like and he has to show her bc he sweared by the river Styx. This makes her die. Zeus puts baccus into his leg. 

Myth one 

They put bachus in a boat and pirates try to chain him up but it isn’t working so the helmsemen (driver of a boat) realizes he’s a God.

What did bacchus do during the first myth to the pirates 

Bacchus punished the pirates and turned himself into a lion and scares the helmsman. All the pirates jump into the water and make them turn into dolphins. Bacchus let the helmsman go bc he was respectful to him 

What did Bacchus do in the second myth 

In Thrace he punished Lycurgas for being disrespectful to him 

• in Naxos Bacchus find Arianna and falls in love with her and they get married 

• Bacchus has no temple so his temple was the woods 

What were bacchuses followers in the woods called

Maenads/ bacchantes - crazy woman, ate flesh

- can be good or bad 

Wine 

Bacchus was born in - 

Thebes 

Who was the cousin of Bacchus and king of Thebes 

Penthous

Why did Bacchus get arrested 

Some men of Thebes left and went to warship Bacchus so penthous got mad and arrested him not knowing he was a god 

• Bacchus got out of prison bc he’s a god and pentheus got more mad

• Penthous got punished in caucas mountains

• Bacchus leaves hail and maeneds are still in the olds so Penthous wants to take the maemends 

Why did the maeneds rip up and eat pentheus

Bacchus casted a spell on them so that they would think he was a jaguar

Why did pentheus get punished 

Pentheus get punished from Bacchus being in Greek mythology, anyone who disrespects a god is punished 

Penthous - and - were apart of the maenads 

Mom and aunt 

Who was the blind prophet (can see things that people can’t) , he also tells pentheus not to arrest Bacchus bc he’s a god and pentheus didn’t believe him 

Teiresias

- a king

Lycurguas

Order in which the word is created according to the Greeks

Chaos gave birth to night and Erebus (unfathomable depth) 

Night gave birth to love 

Love gave birth to light 

Light gives birth to day, earth

Earth gave birth to heaven (sky)

Mother Earth (Gaea) - heaven, sky - father sky (ouranos) 

earth + sky gave birth to monsters 

One of the monsters was a cyclops (wheel eyed) 

Cyclopes gave birth to titans and giants 

What did the Cyclopes give birth to

Titians and giants

- was the head of the Titians 

Cronus (Saturn) 

What was the prophecy abr cronus 

One of his children would overthrow him. Therefore very time his wife had a baby he would eat it however they wouldn’t die, he would just imprison them in his stomach 

Cronus was married to Rhea which started the - 

Olympians 

- was there last child

Zeus

Where was Zeus raised

In a cave

What happened when Zeus got older?

Zeus led a revolt and he forced his father to throw up all his brothers and sisters and they all grow up right away. They all revolted against cronus and locked him up 

Rhea got tired of Cronus eating her kids so…

She gave him a fake kid when Zeus was born, (omphale stone)

The last monster that zies fought was -

typhon (monster) 

- overthrows all monsters and becomes king

Zeus

- and - both had the same prophy

Zeus and cronus 

- knows who the woman is that will have the baby that will overthrow Zeus but refuses to tell him who the woman he will have that baby with so Zeus gets mad and punishes him

Prometheus

What was Zeus punishment to Prometheus

Every day he gets his liver lidded out and eaten by a huge eagle and then it grows back 

- was the one type that helped Zeus so rlly Zeus should be grateful to him

Prometheus

What’s Anthor reason Zeus hated Prometheus

He gave fire to humans 

Who is the creator of humans but only men

Prometheus

Who was Prometheus brother

Epimetheus

- gave animals fur, claws, and things they needed to live in the wilderness

Epimetheus

The word Prometheus mean -. The word epimetheus means - 

Afterthought, forethought 

Why is Prometheus not as smart as epimetheus

Bc fore-thought is more powerful than afterthought

Why did Zeus create woman

To punish men 

What did Prometheus teach everyone

Give the fat of an animal to the gods and give the meat to the humans (Zeus was mad abt this)

Who was the first woman alive

Pandora, created by Zeus as a punishment to men created by Prometheus 

What does the name pandora mean

“The gift or all” 

Pandora is very -, likes to look at herself in the mirror all the time, and -

Vein and curious

What is the story of pandora

Pandora got a box from Zeus and was told to not open it but she sis and it was filled with negative things from many gods, such as death, sickness, war, anger jealousy, depression, etc. the one good thing in the box was hope (this was the last thing to come out) 

Who marries Pandora

Epimetheus

Zeus got force and violence to terrorize and punish -

Prometheus 

People say that gods made the - and -

People, 5 diff races

- lived in a world with no pain and plenty of everything. When they died they bapecame spirits and were always happy (only men no woman)

Golden race 

- weren’t as intelligent and good as the gold race

Silver race

- terrible and strong men that destroyed themselves 

Brass race

- half god half man. (Perseus, Theseus, Hercules, Beowulf, etc)

Heroes

- (now) eventually be destroyed by the gods will keep on down grading 

Iron race

Why did Zeus send a flood to the earth

People were being bad

Who was Prometheus son

Deucalion

Who would Zeus not hurt or kill

Deucalion and Pyrrha 

Who built a chest 

Deucalion and Pyrrha

Explain the idea of earth

Earth is the mother and rocks are its bones and when they throw the rocks they turn into people 

• stone people - tuff and strong