Personality Disorders - Video Lecture Review

A set of Q&A flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture notes on Personality Disorders, including definitions, clusters, clinical features, etiology, treatment, and nursing considerations.

What is the definition of a personality disorder as described in the notes?

An ingrained, enduring pattern of thinking, feeling, and behaving that affects self, others, and the environment; includes perceptions and attitudes and is usually not consciously recognized by the person.

What is the estimated prevalence of personality disorders in the general population?

Relatively common: about 10%–20% of the general population.

What percentage of people with a primary diagnosis of major mental illness have a coexisting personality disorder, according to the notes?

Approximately 40%–45%.

Name the two broad theories of personality development mentioned.

Biologic theories (temperament) and psychodynamic theories (character).

List the temperament traits described in the notes.

Harm avoidance, novelty seeking, reward dependence, and persistence.

Which disorders are in Personality Disorders Cluster A?

Paranoid personality disorder; Schizoid personality disorder; Schizotypal personality disorder.

Which disorders are in Cluster B of personality disorders?

Antisocial personality disorder; Borderline personality disorder; Histrionic personality disorder; Narcissistic personality disorder.

Which disorders are in Cluster C of personality disorders?

Avoidant personality disorder; Dependent personality disorder; Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

What are some common maladaptive or dysfunctional personality traits listed in the notes?

Negative behaviors toward others; anger/hostility; irritability; lack of guilt or remorse; impulsivity; irresponsibility; risk-taking; mistrust; entitlement; dependency; eccentric perceptions.

What are key features of Paranoid Personality Disorder?

Pervasive mistrust and suspiciousness; use of projection; conflicts with authority; formal, business-like approach; validate ideas before action.

What are key features of Schizoid Personality Disorder?

Pervasive pattern of social detachment; constricted affect; little emotion; rich fantasy life; reluctance to reveal.

What are key features of Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

Pervasive pattern of social/interpersonal deficits; cognitive or perceptual distortions; eccentric behaviors; odd appearance; restricted range of emotions.

What are core assessment indicators of Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Disregard for rights of others; deceit and manipulation; history of cruelty; usually normal appearance; lack of remorse or morals; shallow self-concept.

What are typical interventions for Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Promoting responsible behavior with limit setting and confrontation; problem-solving and control of emotions; enhancing role performance.

What are the defining features of Borderline Personality Disorder?

Pervasive instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect; marked impulsivity; history of disturbed early relationships; polarized thinking; potential self-harm.

What are core Borderline PD interventions?

Safety contracts; structured therapeutic relationships with clear boundaries; communication skills; coping and emotion regulation; reshaping thinking; structuring daily activities.

What are core features of Histrionic Personality Disorder?

Excessive emotionality and attention seeking; exaggeration of closeness of relationships; insincere and shallow emotions.

What are core features of Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

Grandiosity; need for admiration; lack of empathy; arrogant or haughty attitude; fragile self-esteem; ambitious.

What are core features of Avoidant Personality Disorder?

Social discomfort; low self-esteem; hypersensitivity to negative evaluation.

What are core features of Dependent Personality Disorder?

Need to be taken care of; submissive and clinging behavior; frequently anxious.

What are core features of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder?

Preoccupation with perfectionism, orderliness, and control; constricted emotional range; harsh self-evaluations.

What elder considerations are noted for personality disorders?

Disorders persist into older age; some stabilize, others age badly; higher risk for depression, suicide, and dementia.

What are the goals of mental health promotion related to personality disorders?

Mood stabilization, decreased impulsivity, and development of social/relationship skills; protective factors include school commitment, positive peer relationships, and effective parenting.

What protective factors reduce antisocial behavior according to the notes?

School commitment; positive peer relationships; disapproval of antisocial behavior by parents/peers; functional family; effective parenting skills.

What self-awareness issues should nurses watch for in personality disorders?

Discuss feelings of anger or frustration; avoid assuming lack of motivation; beware manipulation; don’t take flattery or criticism personally; set realistic goals.

What are common treatment targets in psychopharmacology for personality disorders?

Cognitive–perceptual distortions; affective symptoms and mood dysregulation; aggression and behavioral dysfunction; anxiety.

Why are personality disorders sometimes described as treatment-resistant?

Lack of perception by the person that their behavior is a problem; sometimes the behavior is a point of pride.