Type I and Type II

What percent of adults have diabetes mellitus?

12.5%

Type I

Autoimmune disease causing destruction of pancreatic beta cells - little to no insulin secretion (5-10% of cases) and requires insulin therapy

Type II

Weight gain and inactivity that results in insulin resistance (90-95% of cases) and might require insulin therapy

Interventions for Type II

Weight loss, diet based on whole foods, at least 150 minutes of physical activity a week, and possibly medications

Hyperglycemia

High blood glucose

Hypoglycemia

Low blood glucose

What is the relationship between body weight and type II diabetes?

Excess weight (visceral) makes muscle, fat, and liver cells less responsive to insulin which results in not uptaking glucose efficiently

Insulin Resistance

When your body’s cells stop responding well to insulin

Complications

Cardiovascular diseases, capillary damage, skin lesions, peripheral neuropathy (reduced blood flow), and autonomic neuropathy