Romanticism and the Second Industrial Revolution

Flashcards summarizing key concepts from the lecture notes on Romanticism and the Second Industrial Revolution.

What is Romanticism?

A movement in the 19th century that valued intuition and emotion over reason as a reaction to the Enlightenment.

What did Romantics believe about nature?

Romantics believed that industrial changes made life cold and disconnected people from nature and emotion.

How did Romantic artists differ from technical masters?

Romantic artists were considered inspired creators who went with the moment, rather than precise technical masters.

What key values did the Romantics emphasize?

Nature, Childhood, Emotion, Religion, Nostalgia, Love.

What was the Bessemer Process?

A new process created by Henry Bessemer in 1855 for making high quality steel efficiently and cheaply.

What were the significant inventions resulting from the development of electricity?

Electric lights, telephone, electric streetcars, and subway.

What did Karl Marx publish in 1848?

The Communist Manifesto.

What are the two groups Marx believed society was splitting into?

The bourgeoisie (owners of production) and the proletariat (working class).

What is socialism according to Karl Marx?

A theory that predicted conflict between oppressors and oppressed leading to the proletariat forming a dictatorship to control production.

What is the difference between Pure Marxists and Revisionists?

Pure Marxists believe socialism can only be achieved through violent revolution, while Revisionists believe in achieving socialism through democratic means.