Urbanisation and Hazards Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards about Urbanization and Hazards

Urbanisation

How economic and demographic processes bring change over time to urban systems

Shanghai's population

Doubled from 1987 to 2012, estimated to be at 23 million

Shanghai's Development

Developed as a center of politics, the economy, and culture, and into a major global economic hub

Pudong and the Central Business District (CBD)

Home to a variety of industries (media, information services, commerce, retail, finance, and tourism)

Jiading New Town

Associated with wireless technology

Anting New Town

Associated with the automotive sector

Yangshan Deep-Water Port

Completion of this port's north port sector made it the busiest port in the world.

Yangtze and Huangpu Rivers

Primary water sources for Shanghai

Qingcaosha Reservoir

Construction being done to supply fresh water in Shanghai.

Shanghai's Wastewater Treatment

Goal by 2020: 90% treatment of Shanghai's wastewater —> Achieved (100%)

Landfills

Replace these with incinerators and power plants that produce energy from garbage.

New Delhi

The most polluted city globally due to various factors

Bharat IV

India has these emissions standards in 33 cities, equivalent to Europe's 2005 clean air emissions

Bharat III

India has these emissions standards in the rest of the country, equivalent to Europe's standards abandoned in 2005.

Sprawling urban layout, high population density, and heavy reliance on private vehicles

Los Angeles experiences severe traffic congestion due to these factors

Expansion of public transportation networks; Carpool lanes and high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes;

Strategies to address traffic congestion and its impacts used by Los Angeles

Contested land use

Situations where there are competing interests and visions for the use of a particular land area.

Dharavi

One of the largest and densest slums in the world, situated in the heart of Mumbai, India

Mukesh Mehta

Property developer who aims to develop Dharavi into an international business destination

Vila Autódromo

Favela in Rio de Janeiro which used to host 700 families

Resilient city design

Strategies to manage escalating climatic and geopolitical risks to urban areas

East Side Coastal Resiliency Project

Major flood protection system along the East River that integrates flood walls, levees, and berms.

"NYC CoolRoofs" program

Painting roofs white to reflect sunlight and reduce the urban heat island effect

Blue-Green Corridors

Pathways that allow water to flow freely through the city during storms

BedZED

Environmentally friendly housing development created between 2000-2002 in London

Masdar City Renewable Energy Source

It is planned to be powered by approximately 88,000 solar panels spread across a 20-hectare field.

adaptive traffic lights

switching to these which help reduce congestions

Geophysical Hazards

The varying power of geophysical hazards to affect people in different local contexts

Landslide in Freetown, Sierra Leone

Causes: Combination of heavy monsoon rainfall, Deforestation, construction on unstable slopes, and poor infrastructure.

Landslide in Ponzano, Italy

Causes: Saturation of the slope due to snowmelt, Intense rainfall

Pacific and Australian plates move against each other

New Zealand experiences a lot of earthquakes because of:

Liquefaction

The soil started to act like liquids

Subduction

The oceanic plate does this under the continental crust causes huge earthquakes and tsunamis

Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai

A submarine volcano in the South Pacific that is part of the highly active Kermadec-Tonga subduction zone.

seismic activities

One of the most common causes of volcanic eruptions are

Eyjafjallajokull volcano (E15)

Erupted in 2010 in Iceland

A large increase

Amount of leisure time for most American adults since the 1960s

passports

In tourism, only about a third of Americans have these

team locations

Domestic supporters are typically near these

local companies

Spends over US$8 million with these in Glastonbury.

local companies

Spends over US$8 million with local companies in Glastonbury.

Rio Olympics in 2016 Planned Budget

The bid planned for a balanced budget with a predicted value for both revenue and expenditure of US$2.82 billion.

Kenya's Tourism Industry Overview

Employs 9.3% of workers and contributes to the economy by approximately US$1 billion annually.

environmental conservation, education and empowerment, social responsibility, and culture and heritage preservation.

Ecotourism operates on four principles