Diversity of Life and Phylogeny Notes

Flashcards summarizing key concepts from the lecture notes on eukaryotic organisms, their phylogenetic relationships, and characteristics.

Green Algae

The most ancestral group of plants evolving from a protist almost 400 million years ago.

Bryophytes

Nonvascular plants that lack the ability to move water or carry gametes long distances.

Seedless Vascular Plants

Vascular plants that still cannot spread their gametes through air.

Gymnosperms

Vascular plants with 'naked' seeds that can spread through air.

Angiosperms

Vascular plants with seeds that are covered in a tissue, typically flowering plants.

Tetrapods

Four-legged vertebrates that moved onto land, including amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

Echinodermata

The only other deuterostome outside of phylum Chordata.

Jawless Fishes

The most ancestral group within chordates.

Cartilaginous Fishes

The first group of vertebrates with jaws.

Bony Fishes

Fish that evolved with an endoskeleton made of bone.

Amphibians

Vertebrates with four legs that have a life cycle dependent on water for moisture and reproduction.

Reptiles

A group of tetrapods characterized by scales and the ability to lay eggs that retain moisture.

Endothermic

Describes animals that create their own body heat, such as mammals and birds.

Mammals

A group of warm-blooded vertebrates with hair or fur and mammary glands for milk production.