Industrialism/Progressives Era

Gold Rush

Immigrants migrating to California for opportunity

1849

Homestead Act

• Free land on Great Plains

• Stay for 5 Years

• Required to farm it

• Houses made of Sod

• Purpose: Displace Indians already there

Wounded Knee

• Location Army slaughtered Natives after moving them

• Marks end of Indian war

• Took children and put them in churches

• Kills Indian culture but still letting them live

Assimilation

• Shifting Immigrants to American culture

Americanization

• Movement made up of volunteers

• Getting immigrants to assimilate

• Taught immigrants English, history, and gov.

Social Gospel

• Rejected Social Darwinism

• Help the poor

Eugenics

• Idea to Improve humans through breeding

• Forced people “lesser” to sterilize

• Race superiority ideas

• Immigration restriction from these ideas

Urbanization

• Immigrants moving from rural areas to urban areas

• Bigger opportunities

• Reasons: Poverty, Overcrowded,

Muckrakers

• Journalists that exposed job conditions in Society

Origin of Immigrants

• Pre 1890 - Western and Northern Europe

• After 1890 - South and East Europe

Lynching

• Killing of a person done by a mob

• Hung

• Chinese targeted (racial motivation)

Booker T. Washington

• He wanted African Americans not to fight for equal rights instead educate themselves in order to be better at jobs he also started

W.E.B. DuBois

• First African American to set a PHD from lawyers

• An thought social change can change through protest

NAACP

• A foundation started by WEB Dubois that fought for social justic

Plessy v Ferguson

• A supreme court case dulling segregation laws didn’t violate the constitution because it was separate but equal.

Transcontinental Railroad

• Started in Omaha Nebraska to Oakland

• Another crew in Sacramento to Oakland

• Promontory Utah: Where it was completed

• Chinese + Irish Immigrants mistreated

Labor Unions

Unionization against factory policies to get better pay and conditions

Gilded Age

• Things looked good on the outside:

• Opportunities, Tech, Getting Rich

• Reality:

• Poor working conditions

• Poverty

• Corruption

Haymarket Square

1886 A rally advocating for a 8 hour work week being bombed

John D. Rockerfella

• Robber Baron

• Oil manufacturer

Social Darwinism

• Survival of the fittest

• Don’t help the poor

Chain Stores

• Drove out smaller businesses by using tactics such as

• Low prices and buying in bulk

Monopolies

• Consequences:

• Worker wages went down, prices up

• Influenced gov.

Trusts

• Combination of businesses that dominate an industry

• Created monopolies

Progressives

• Believed gov. Should protect them

Public Interest

• policies good for everyone

Initiative

• Citizens propose laws, first get signatures, then propose them for people to vote

Referendum

• Citizens veto laws, first get signatures, then propose for ppl to vote to overturn a law

Recall

• Vote someone out of office before the end of their term

Margaret Sanger

• Fought for women birth control rights

19th Amendment

• Women’s right to vote

17th Amendment

• Allowed ppl to vote for Senators

The Jungle

• Written by Uptown Sinclair

• Food Safety laws made because of it

• Exposed Bad conditions

Transcontinental Railroad

1862-1869

Haymarket Square

1886

Wounded Knee

1890

Plessy Messy

1896

19th amendment

1920