Resultant Forces and Balanced/Unbalanced Forces

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11 Terms

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What is resultant force?

The single force that could replace all the forces acting on an object, found by adding these together. If all the forces are balanced, the resultant force is zero

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Balanced forces

no change in motion (stationary or moving at constant speed)

<p><mark data-color="red" style="background-color: red; color: inherit">no change in motion</mark> (stationary or moving at constant speed)</p>
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What are unbalanced forces?

Unbalanced forces occur when the net force acting on an object is not zero, causing the object to accelerate

<p>Unbalanced forces occur when <mark data-color="red" style="background-color: red; color: inherit">the net force acting on an object is not zero</mark>, <mark data-color="red" style="background-color: red; color: inherit">causing the object to accelerate</mark></p>
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List some scalar quantities

speed, temp, distance, area, entropy, volume

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list some vector quantities

velocity, acceleration, displacement force momentum, drag

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What is a free body diagram?

A free body diagram represents all forces acting on an isolated object.

<p>A free body diagram<mark data-color="red" style="background-color: red; color: inherit"> represents all forces acting on an isolated object.</mark></p>
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Calculate the resultant force of more than one forces acting on a object in different directions

General Steps (for forces in different directions):

  1. Break angled forces into components (horizontal & vertical).

  2. Add all horizontal components together(if they a different directions you minus the smaller from the greater Force)

  3. Add all vertical components together.(same as brackets from step 2)

  4. Use Pythagoras to find the resultant force.

  5. Use trig (tan⁻¹) to find the angle of the resultant.(optional)

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How to work out the resultant force(opposite directions)

Minus the force with the lower N from the from the force with the higher N to get the resultant force

e.g. Tug of war:

300N(right) - 100N(left)= 200N(right)= resultant force

<p><mark data-color="red" style="background-color: red; color: inherit">Minus the force with the lower N from the from the force with the higher N</mark> to get the resultant force</p><p>e.g. Tug of war:</p><p>300N(right) - 100N(left)= 200N(right)= resultant force</p>
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How to work out the resultant force(Right angle triangle)

use Pythagoras theorem to work out the resultant when the 2 vectors form a right angle.

e.g.

↑ 8 N

| R= √(82+62)=√100=10N

| R=10 N

•--------→ 6 N

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Force that act on a plane

An airplane in flight experiences four fundamental forces: lift (upward), weight (downward), thrust (forward), and drag (backward). 

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The effect of forces on objects

Effect of Force

Example

Change speed

Car accelerates or brakes

Change direction

Football changes path mid-air

Change shape

Spring stretches

Start motion

Pushing a trolley

Stop motion

Braking a bike