unit 6 humerus and shoulder girdle anatomy

what does the humerus and the shoulder girdle compose of?

humerus, shoulder girdle

what does the shoulder girdle compose of?

scapula and clavicle

the scapula is the _________ part of the shoulder girdle

posterior

the clavicle is the _________ part of the shoulder girdle

anterior

humerus anatomy (proximal)

head and anatomic neck

lesser tubercle (anterior)

greater tubercle (lateral)

intertubercular groove

surgical neck 

deltoid tuberosity

body (shaft)

the greater tubercle is _______ and its an attachment site for the _________ ______ and _______________ muscles

lateral, pectoralis major, supraspinatus

the intertubercular groove of the humerus is an attachment site for the _______ tendon

biceps

which proximal part of the humerus is a common fracture site? 

surgical neck 

the surgical neck is ________ to tubercles

inferior

the humerus is classified as what kind of bone?

long

label the diagram in order from A-H

greater tubercle (tuberosity), intertubular groove (bicipital groove), surgical neck, head, anatomic neck, lesser tubercle (tuberosity), deltoid tuberosity, body (shaft)

the clavicle is described as having a _______ curvature with ___ main parts

double, 3

what are the 3 main parts of the clavicle?

acromial extremity (end), sternal extremity (end), body (shaft) 

the acromial extremity of the clavicle is ______ and _________ with a __________ curvature

lateral, flattened, downward

the sternal extremity of the clavicle is _____ and _______

medial, triangular

in comparison to males, female clavicles tend to be…

shorter and less curved

in comparison to females, male clavicles tend to be…

thicker and more curved 

the clavicle is classified as a ______ bone

long

label A and B; which clavicle is this? which view is this? 

acromial (lateral) end, sternal (medial) end, right, superior 

label X and Y; which clavicle is this? which view is this? 

acromial end, sternal end, right, inferior 

the scapula is relatively _____ and _______ shaped

flat, triangular

how many borders does the scapula have? what are they?

3, superior, lateral (axillary), medial (vertebral)

how many angles does the scapula have? what are they?

3, superior, lateral (head), inferior

the scapula is classified as a ______ bone

flat

label the diagram A-F

lateral angle (head), lateral (axillary) border, inferior angle, superior border, superior angle, medial (vertebral) border 

anterior scapula anatomy 

body (blade) portion 

anterior (costal) surface 

subscapular fossa 

neck 

coracoid process 

scapular notch 

acromion 

subscapular fossa is a _________ for _______ attachment

depression, muscle

what is the scapular neck between?

body and head

the coracoid process is a ________ _______ for ______ attachment

beaklike projection, ligament

label A-J

coracoid process, acromion, glenoid cavity (fossa), lateral angle (head), neck, costal surface (anterior) subscapular fossa, inferior angle, body (blade, wing, ala), superior angle, scapular notch

posterior anatomy of the scapula includes… 

supraspinous fossa, crest of spine, acromion, infraspinous fossa, dorsal surface (posterior) 

in the posterior view of the scapula, the infraspinous fossa is a ________ for ________ attachment 

depression, muscle 

in the posterior view of the scapula, the acromion extends _________ over the ________

laterally, humerus

label A-E accordingly

supraspinous fossa, infraspinous fossa, dorsal surface (posterior), acromion, crest of spine

in the lateral view of the scapula, what letter does the scapula look like?

Y

the lateral upper part of the scapula consists of two parts, the….

acromion and coracoid

the lateral lower part of the scapula is known as the …

body

the glenoid cavity (fossa) is a _______ for _______ with the head of the ________

depression, articulation, humerus

label A-I accordingly. indicate in anatomical terms what numbers 1 and 2 are (front or back of the scapula?)

acromion, spine of scapula, dorsal surface, lateral (axillary) border, ventral (costal) surface, inferior angle, body, glenoid cavity (fossa), coracoid process 

posterior, anterior 

what are the two clavicle articulations?

sternoclavicular joint, acromioclavicular joint

in terms of medial or lateral, the sternoclavicular joint is ______

medial

in terms of medial or lateral, the acromioclavicular joint is ______

lateral

the sternoclavicular joint is the ______ end of the clavicle and connects to the ______ of the _______

sternal, manubrium, sternum

the acromioclavicular joint is the ________ end of the clavicle and connects to the _____ of the ______

acromial, acromion, scapula

what is the joint of the proximal humerus? 

scapulohumeral (glenohumeral) 

the scapulohumeral (glenohumeral) joint is also known as the ….

shoulder joint

the scapulohumeral joint is located at the _____ of the _____ and _____ _____ of the ______

head, humerus, glenoid cavity, scapula

all joints of the upper limb are classified as….

diarthrodial

although diarthrodial, the scapulohumeral joint is also classified as….

spheroidal (ball and socket)

although diarthrodial, the acromioclavicular joint is also classified as….

plane (gliding)

although diarthrodial, the sternoclavicular joint is also classified as….

plane (gliding) 

label 1-16 accordingly 

1. Acromion process
2. Greater tubercule
3. Intertubercular groove
4. Surgical neck
5. Deltoid tubercule
6. Lateral epicondyle
7. Capitulum
8. Radius
9. Clavicle
10. Humeral head
11. Glenoid cavity
12. Anatomical neck
13. Body (shaft)
14. Medial epicondyle
15. Trochlea
16. Ulna

without labeling, this is the anatomy of what kind of x-ray? (projection and body part)

AP shoulder

label 1-9 accordingly

1. Acromion
2. Humeral head
3. Greater tubercule
4. Anatomical neck
5. Lesser tubercule
6. Surgical neck
7. Clavicle
8. Coracoid process
9. Glenoid cavity

without labeling, this is the anatomy of what kind of x-ray? (projection and body part)

scapular Y lateral

label 1-7 accordingly 

1. AC joint
2. Acromion
3. Scapular spine
4. Humeral head
5. Body of scapula (superimposed over
humerus)
6. Clavicle
7. Coracoid process

external rotation of the hand and arm 

hand supinated (anatomical position)

neutral rotation of the hand and arm

palm facing thigh with arm down by side

internal rotation of the hand and arm

hand pronated until back of hand against thigh

label the rotation accordingly

proximal humerus rotation (external)

label the rotation accordingly 

proximal humerus rotation (external) 

proximal humerus rotation (external) characteristics

hand supinated

epicondyles parallel to IR 

humerus in “true” AP 

greater tubercle lateral (in profile) 

lesser tubercle anterior 

when the proximal humerus is rotated externally, the hand is

supinated

when the proximal humerus is rotated externally, the epicondyles are ______ to the IR

parallel

when the proximal humerus is rotated externally, the humerus is said to be in ______ __

true AP

when the proximal humerus is rotated externally, the greater tubercle is ______ ___ _______

lateral in profile

when the proximal humerus is rotated externally, the lesser tubercle is ________

anterior

label the rotation accordingly 

proximal humerus rotation (internal) 

label the rotation accordingly 

proximal humerus rotation (internal) 

characteristics of a proximal humerus rotation (internal)

back of hand against thigh

epicondyles perpendicular to IR 

humerus in “true” lateral 

greater tubercle anterior 

lesser tubercle medial in profile 

when the proximal humerus is rotated internally, the back of the hand should be against…

the thigh 

when the proximal humerus is rotated internally, the epicondyles are to be ________ to the __

perpendicular, IR

when the proximal humerus is rotated internally, humerus is said to be in _____ _______ 

true lateral 

when the proximal humerus is rotated internally, the greater tubercle is ________

anterior

when the proximal humerus is rotated internally, the lesser tubercle is ____ ____ _____

medial in profile

label the rotation accordingly 

proximal humerus rotation (neutral) 

label the rotation accordingly 

proximal humerus rotation (neutral) 

characteristics of a proximal humerus rotation (neutral)

Palm against thigh
Epicondyles 45° to IR
Humerus in oblique
Greater tubercle (not in profile)

Lesser tubercle (not in profile)

when the proximal humerus is rotated neutrally, the palm is against…

the thigh

when the proximal humerus is rotated neutrally, the epicondyles are ___ to the IR

45 degrees

when the proximal humerus is rotated neutrally, the humerus is in ________

oblique

when the proximal humerus is rotated neutrally, the greater tubercle is….

not in profile 

when the proximal humerus is rotated neutrally, the lesser tubercle is….

not in profile 

label the rotation accordingly (including projection) 

AP external rotation 

label the rotation accordingly (including projection) 

AP internal rotation

label the rotation accordingly (including projection) 

AP neutral rotation

which joint has the greatest freedom of movement of any joint in the body?

scapulohumeral

in which ways can the scapulohumeral joint move?

flexion

extension

abduction

adduction 

circumduction 

medial/lateral rotation 

because the _____ _____ is very _____, the joint requires strong ligaments, tendons, and muscles to provide stability 

glenoid cavity, shallow 

the shoulder joint is relatively _____ and prone to injuries such as _______ and _____ ____ _____

weak, dislocations, rotator cuff tears

what are the four muscles and associated tendons with the rotator cuff?

subscapularis

teres minor 

supraspinatus 

infraspinatus 

_____ ___ ____ are usually evaluated through MRI after initial x-rays done

rotator cuff injuries

label A-D accordingly

subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

label the anatomy accordingly A-G, the projection/part, and rotation if applicable 

head of humerus, greater tubercle, intertubercular sulcus, lesser tubercle, anatomic neck, surgical neck, body 

AP shoulder — external rotation 

label the anatomy accordingly A-E, the projection/part, and rotation if applicable 

sternoclavicular joint, sternal extremity, body, acromial extremity, acromioclavicular joint 

AP clavicle 

label the anatomy accordingly A-E, the projection/part, and rotation if applicable 

acromion, coracoid process, inferior angle, spine of scapula, body of scapula

PA oblique