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Absorption of force
There are two types of absorption (needed for this test):
Absorption of force by the body: Downwards change in velocity (towards zero) over time
Absorption of force in sport: An athlete will increase the time or distance when slowing down an object.
Examples of Absorption of force in sport
Catching, boxing, landing, tackling etc.
How do you increase your time in boxing?
“Rolling” with the punch or moving your body in the direction of
How do you increase your time when catching a fast ball?
Starting further out and then following through with the ball’s momentum.
How do you increase your time when landing in a standing broad jump?
By squatting, you can control the descent over a longer period, spreading out the force when landing.
How do you increase your time when tackling an oncoming player in rugby?
You can increase the time leaning forwards and then flexing backwards into the tackle.
What happens when you slow down an object over a longer distance/time?
The force that the object will apply, will be dispersed / absorbed rather than being applied all at once.
What does this graph signify?
All of the force is applied onto the object/body at once.
What does this graph signify?
The force is distributed evenly across a long period of time.
What is speed?
Movement from one point to another in the fastest possible time
Calculated by: Speed = Distance travelled/time taken
If someone takes 10 seconds to complete a 100m sprint, what is their speed?
10 m/s
What information do we not get when looking at average speed and what is a more advantageous way of looking at a race?
Average speed does not tell us:
What went on during the race
The maximum speed
Whether the racer sped up or slowed down
A better way to look at the race would be in intervals
What is velocity and how does it compare to speed?
Velocity is the speed in a given direction
Calculated by dividing displacement by time taken
It is different to speed and can be seen when an athlete runs around a track. Their velocity is 0 as they were displaced 0m but their speed is 5m/s if they ran for 80 seconds.
What is acceleration?
Rate of which the velocity of a body changes over time
Can be calculated as Acceleration = Change in Velocity/Time
OR
(Final Velocity - Initial Velocity)/Time
Positive Acceleration → Increase in Velocity
Zero Acceleration → Steady Velocity or no change in velocity
Negative Acceleration → Velocity is decreasing
What is Newton’s second Law?
An object's acceleration is directly proportional to the force applied to it.
What can we calculate from a sprint test?
Average velocity per interval
Average Acceleration per interval
Average Velocity per whole race
Average Acceleration per whole race
Note 
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