Biology Chapter 6 Chemiosmosis

what is a redox

reduction and oxidation

what happens to water in photosynthesis

it splits and breaks down, oxidation

what happens to carbon in photosynthesis

it combines and reduces

why is Mg of chlorophyl important

it is a strong oxidizer

when you split water what do you get

2 protons and 2 electrons

what does glucose need in order to cellular respirate

phosphorylation

why do chloroplast produce ATP

they produce ATP directly to produce sugar and nothing else

what happens in electron transport chain if electron cant tie with water

the whole chain stops

what’s at the top of electron transport chain

high energy electron

whats at the bottom of electron transport chain

low energy electron

what happens when electrons get moved down the electron transpot chain

the electron gets picked up and release

what happens to the electron when after getting picked up and released

it loses energy

what makes high energy electrons

food

where does photosynthesis gets high energy electrons from

the sun

how does the sun make high energy electrons

the light hits electrons and energizes them

what type of energy does the electron have at the top of the chain

potential energy

what happens to molecules when electron gets picked up

the molecule reduce

what happens to molecules when electron gets released

the molecule oxidizes

what does low energy electron easily attach to

oxygen

why might low energy electrons attach to oxygen

to make water

when oxygen is available in respiration, what is the respiration called

aerobic cellular respiration

what is aerobic cellular respiration

the use of high energy electrons to reduce water to get energy

when is ATP usable

whenever cellular respiration has completed

What is Chemiosmosis

the use of energy by proton pumps to move protons to create a concentration gradient to go through a protein carrier to allow ATP synthase to phosphorylate ADP to make ATP

what is needed to make ADP into ATP

energy

how many active sites are in an ATP synthase

2

what are the active sites for in the ATP synthase

phosphate and ADP

what is the inside fluid of mitochondria called

matrix

what is the membrane of mitochondria called

cristae

what are the green stacks in chloroplasts

grana

what is a singular piece of grana

thylakoid

what is the fluid inside chloroplasts

stroma

what powers the proton pump

high energy electron

what is the purpose of proton pump

to create a concentration gradient of protons

where do the concentration gradient of protons go

into the protein carrier

what happens to protons in the protein carrier

they go through the protein channel and then the ATP synthase complex and make ATP