Intellectual Development Disorder (IDD) and Measuring Intelligence

A series of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts related to Intellectual Development Disorder (IDD) and the measurement of intelligence.

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

A measure of a person's intellectual abilities relative to others, often derived from standardized tests.

Psychometric Approach

A method in psychology that focuses on the measurement of mental capabilities and processes through standardized tests.

Crystallized Intelligence

The ability to use knowledge acquired through experience and education, which typically increases over time.

Fluid Intelligence

The capacity to reason and solve novel problems independent of any knowledge from the past, which often peaks in childhood and decreases with age.

Mental Age

A measure of an individual's intellectual development compared to the average intellectual performance for their chronological age.

General Ability (g)

An unmeasured factor that represents a person's general cognitive ability across various tasks and domains.

Down Syndrome

A genetic disorder resulting from the presence of an extra chromosome 21, associated with varying degrees of intellectual disability.

Flynn Effect

The observed rise in IQ scores over time across generations, necessitating the re-norming of IQ tests.

Adaptive Functioning

The ability to perform daily activities necessary for self-sufficiency, which is a key component in diagnosing Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD).

Stereotype Threat

A situational predicament where individuals are at risk of confirming negative stereotypes about their social group, which can influence test performance.

Wechsler Scales

Standardized tests used to measure intelligence, tailored for different age groups, including WPPSI, WISC, and WAIS.

Eugenics

A controversial and discredited social philosophy aiming to improve the genetic quality of a population, often associated with harmful practices.

Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences

A theory that proposes eight distinct types of intelligence, emphasizing that people have different kinds of smartness rather than a single measure of intelligence.

Triarchic Theory of Intelligence

Sternberg's theory that divides intelligence into three components: analytical, creative, and practical intelligence.

Behavioral Approaches

Methods aimed at modifying behavior through reinforcement, focused on teaching and shaping desired behaviors.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

A therapeutic approach that helps individuals improve their adaptive functioning through self-instruction and metacognitive strategies.

Environmental Influences on Intelligence

Factors like socio-economic status, education, and family support that can significantly affect cognitive performance and intellectual development.