GEC 1: UNDERSTANDING THE SELF

Only for prelims

Father of American Psychology

William James

I-Self

puts the attitude into action: where attitude is the initiator, and overt is the observative behavior

Me-Self

more subjective. based on people’s perspective upon you.

Sigmund Freud

founder of psychodynamic approach—otherwise known as Psychoanalytic Theory

Three Levels of Consciousness

Pre-Conscious, Conscious, Unconscious

What type of consciousness where one have his fears, violent motives, and irrationality?

Unconscious

Conscious

Level of consciousness where one is aware of his thoughts and perceptions.

It is where memories and knowledge store in terms of our level of consciousness

Pre-conscious/Subconscious

Behavior is shaped by unconscious desires and ——?

Childhood experiences

ID

I Do Not Care mindset.

Ego

Self needs, sense of self-importance.

Super Ego

ethical component of the personality and provides the moral standards by which the ego operates

Carl Ransom Rogers

the ones who introduced Client Centered Theory. Through this, he believed that people themselves are the best expert on their own lives. This is also where self awareness is introduced.

D. W. Winnicott

where true vs. false self is identified

True Self

based on authentic experience which flourishes in infancy through his positive relationship on his mother.

False Self

feelings in order to survive: defense mechanism

Self

simply who is me.

Healthy False Self

simply committed to himself and serves only as a protection to shield his identity.

Unhealthy False Self

compliance rather than adapt.

Psychology

a scientific field where it studies how people behave, think, and feel.

Philosophy

study of creation of theories and knowledge

Etymology of Philosophy

Greek word where “philos” is love and “sophia” is wisdom.

Ancient Philosophy

Also referred as cosmological universe

Medieval Philosophy

Known as Theological as it focuses on gods and goddesses.

Modern Philosophy is also known as..

Humanistic Philosophy

Contemporary Philosophy

Deconstruct center where there is no longer a centre. Now, it focuses on broader and wider aspect.

In ancient times, there are three famous philosophers recognized. The triumvirates are:

Socrates, Plato, Aristotle

Socrates

who shaped the Western thought. He also believe that the soul is immortal.

Socrates

He died at the age of 70 by drinking a cup of prison hemlock.

Socratic method

process of questioning or asking. The unexamined life is not worth living.

Virtue = knowledge

Socrates

Plato

student of Socrates. Theory of Forms — the physical world is just a shadow of a perfect, unchanging, non-physical reality (“Forms” or “Ideas”).True knowledge comes from understanding these eternal Forms, not from sensory experience.

Soul

most divine aspect of human being.

There are three aspects of soul based on Plato

Appetitive (sensual), Rational (reasoning), Spirited (feeling)

The most dangerous part of the soul.

Appetitive (sensual)

Part of our soul where it cherishes the truth and regulates sensual

Rational (reasoning)

Inclined to reason but understands the need for passion: honor and victory

Spirited (feeling)

Aristotle

student of Plato. He believes that body and soul are inseparable.

Theory of Hylomorphism

We are all different as we have different soul.

Man is composed of:

Matter hyle in Greek - human body and Form morphe in Greek - soul

Sociology

study of the society

Social life, change, and cause and consequences happen through:

Socialization

Charles Cooley

Looking glass theory

Looking Glass Theory

self identity is based on other’s perspective

George Mead

individual roles of society/norms

Culture Relativism

what’s acceptable to our society is not applicable to other society.

Preparatory Stage

Imitation and observation

Play stage

begins to do his role through imitation

Game Stage

learns several roles and knows how these interact in order to maintain an ordain society.

“ I “

Spontaneous Self

“Me”

social self

Marcel Mauss

Moi (pronounced as mwa) and Person

Moi

Basic identity. e.g. Female

Personne

composed of self concept: roles. e.g. to nurture a child

Assimilation

innate

Accommodation

accept and recognize concepts. Adaptive Behavior

Anthropology

study of human societies and their development. how culture and biology process shapes human.

Anthropological Perspectives of Self

Egocentric and Sociocentric

Egocentric

one’s opinion is a sole basis of truth. more on personality is inherited, not shaped.

Socio-centric

defines through relationship and memberships

Ewing (1989)

Self is illusory: what we view to ourselves isn’t who we really are.

Joseph Le Doux, 2002

conceptualized implicit self & explicit self

Implicit Self

not immediately available to consciousness

Explicit Self

consciously aware

Independent and Interdependent

In accordance to cultural psychologists, there exist two concepts;

Independent

prioritizes privacy

Interdependence

collectivist and has strong family and community bonds.

Johari Window

Basic Dimensions of Personality

O.C.E.A. N (Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism)