HCC muscles

frontalis

Action: raises eyebrows/draws scalp forward Origin: galea aponeurotica Insertion: tissue above eyebrows

Obicularis oculi

Action: encircles eyes, closes eyes,

Origin: frontal bone

Insertion: lateral palpebral raphe

Innervation: Facial nerve VII

Zygomatic major minor

Action: elevates upper lips

Origin: lateral aspect of zygomatic bone

insertion: muscle of upper lip

Auricularis

action: movement of ear

origin: lateral edge of epicranial aponeurosis

insertion: anterior helix

masseter

Action: elevation of mandible

Origin: zygomatic arch

Insertion: mandible ramus

sternocleidomastoid

Action: left/right rotation of head

Origin: manubrium of sternum

Insertion: mastoid process

Trapezius

Action: extends & laterally flexes neck

Origin: external occipital protuberance

Insertion: acromion & scapular spine

Occipitals

Action: draws scalp posteriorly 

Origin: occipital bone

Insertion: galea aponeurotica

Deltoid

Action: abduction & flexion of arm 

Origin: clavicle, acromion, scapular spine 

Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus 

Innervation: Axillary nerve

Pectorlalis major

Action: adducts humerus & flexes

Origin: sternum (manubrium/body)

Insertion: intertubercular sulcus of humerus

Bicep brachii

Action: flexion/supination of forearm

Origin: 

Short head- coracoid process of scapula (inner)

Long head- superior border of glenoid cavity 

Insertion: radial tuberosity

Rectus abdominus

Action: flexes vertebral column (bending forward)

Origin: pubic symphysis

Insertion: xiphoid process of sternum

External abdominus 

Action: compresses abdomen, stabilizes vertebral column, maintains posture

Origin: ribs 5-15/sternum

Insertion: pubis/pubic symphysis

Latissimus dorsi

Action: adduction & extension of arm/humerus

Origin: spinous process of T7-12/L1-5

Insertion: intertubercular groove

Gluteus medius

Action: abduction & extension of thigh

Origin: posterior medial side of ilium 

Insertion: great trochanter of femur

Gluteus maximus

Action: extends thigh/stabilizes femur

Origin: gluteal line of ilium 

Insertion: gluteal tuberosity of femur

Tricep brachii

Action: extends elbow

Origin: 

long-head: inferior border of glenoid cavity

Lateral-head: proximal end of humerus

medial-head: humerus shaft

Insertion: olecranon of ulna

Tensor fascia latae

Action: abduction of thigh

Origin: iliac crest

Insertion: lateral condyle of tibia

Innervation: superior gluteal nerve

Iliopsoas 

action: flexion of thigh

origin: iliac fossa

insertion: lesser trochanter of femur

pectineus

action: thigh flexion

origin: superior pubic ramus

insertion: pectineal line of femur

Sartorius

action: flexion of thigh

origin: anterior superior iliac spine

insertion: anteromedial surface of the tibia

Adductor longus

action: thigh flexion

origin: body of pubis

insertion: femur

Rectus femoris

action: knee extension

origin: anterior inferior iliac spine

insertion: patellar tendon

Vastus medialis

action: knee extension

origin: medial side of femur

insertion: quadriceps tendon

Vastus lateralis

action: knee extension

origin: greater trochanter

insertion: quadriceps tendon

Gastrocnemius

action; flexes foot

origin; proximal to articular surfaces of lateral condyle of femur

insertion; achilles tendon

Tibialis anterior

Action: dorsiflexion & inversion of foot

Origin: lateral condyle of tibia 

Insertion: ankle bones

Fibularis longus

action; plantar flexion

origin; proximal part of lateral shaft of fibula

Gracilis

action: hip flexion

origin; ischiopubic ramus

insertion: tibia

soleus

action; plantar flexion

origin; fibula

insertion; tendo calcaneus

Bicep femoris

Action: flexion of knee

Origin: long head ischial tuberosity

Insertion: head of fibula

Innervation: Tibial nerve