Quiz #1 review- Basics of Pharmacology

Adverse Effects

Drug effects that are dangerous, cause significant tissue damage, or are life threatening

Antagonism

Combination greatly decreases effect of each drug

Contraindications

Circumstances under which a drug shouldn't be administered

Drug

A substance that alters biologic activity

Hypersensitivity

Allergic reactions. Reactions may be mild or can result in anaphylaxis

Iatrogenic

Negative effect associated with administration of drug

Idiosyncratic/paradoxic

Unusual responses to a drug

Indications

Approved for uses to treat conditions for which the drug has been proved to be effective

Off-label use

Uses for which the drug has shown effectiveness but isn't the approved use

Pharmacy

preparation, dispensing, etc. of therapeutic drugs

Pharmacodynamics

drug-induced responses (on a physiological/biochemical level). Branch of pharmacology concerned with the effects of drugs and the mechanism of their actions.

Pharmacokinetics

Drug amounts at different sites after administration. Branch of pharmacology concerned with the movement of drugs within the body.

Pharmacology

Study of drugs, their actions, dosage, therapeutic uses, adverse effects

Pharmacotherapeutics

Drug choice and application for disease prevention, treatment, or diagnosis

Potentiation

One drug enhances effect of second drug

Side Effects

mild, undesirable effects of a drug, even at recommended dose

Synergism

effect of drug combination may be greater than the sum of the effects of the individual drugs

Teratogenic

Harmful effect on fetus, development defects

Toxicology

Body's response to drugs

Trade Name

The commercial name given to a drug product by its manufacturer; also called the proprietary name.

Generic Name

legal noncommercial name for a drug

Chemical Formula

A combination of chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance

List 8 reasons why drugs are prescribed

Promote healing, cure disease, control/slow progress of disease, prevent disease, decrease risk of complications, increase function and comfort, provide replacement therapy, and reduce excessive activity in the body

List 7 steps involved in the Basic Drug Mechanism of Action

1\.) Drug enters body by chosen site \n 2.) Absorbed into blood or acts at local site \n 3.) Travels in the bloodstream \n 4.) Arrives at site of action \n 5.) Exerts its effect \n 6.) Is metabolized into inactive compounds \n 7.) Is excreted from the body