animal anatomy exam 3

What tissue supports the jejunum?

Mesentery

What is the longest section of the small intestine?

Jejunum

What are the parts of the small intestine?

Duodenum, sigmoid loop of the duodenum, jejunum, mesentery, ileum, and ileocecal fold

What is the true stomach in an ruminant animal?

Abomasum

What does the inside of the reticulum resemble?

Honeycomb

What are the four parts of the ruminant stomach?

Abomasum, omasum, reticulum, and rumen

What is the scientific name for the butcher’s bible?

Omasum

What part of the ruminant’s stomach resembles a honeycomb?

Reticulum

What os the function of the large intestine?

Absorbs electrolytes and water from fecal contents before expelling the waste

What is the primary site of nutrient absorption in the GI system?

The small intestine

What is the first part of the large intestine?

Cecum

What tissue attaches the tongue tot he bottom of the mouth?

Frenulum

What is the pyloric sphincter?

Absolutely strong circular band of muscle coated near the duodenum

Where does most the nutrient absorption occur?

Small intestine and rumen

What are the parts of the simple stomach?

Cardia, fundus, body, pylorus

What are the parts of the large intestine?

Cecum, colon, rectum, anus

What is the epiglottis?

Flap of elastic cartilage tissue that closes during swallowing to cover the laryngeal opening to protect the lungs.

What is the movement of food through the esophagus called?

Peristalsis

What are the lateral enclosures of the oral cavity called?

Cheeks

What is the function of the gallbladder? Where is located?

Concentrating and storing the bile and is located between the quadrate and the right medial lobe of the liver

Where does most water absorption occur?

Omasum

Why is the jejunum long?

For maximized nutrient absorption due to the surface area

Where is the spleen located?

On the left side of the body attached tot he rumen and diaphragm

What are the three salivary glands?

Parotid, mandibular, sublingual

What is the hard palate?

A palate that is formed by the mucosa covered by palatine, incisive, and maxillary bones.

What vessel moves blood away from the heart?

Arteries

Is blood flowing through the right side of the heart deoxygenated or oxygenated?

Deoxygenated

What is the function of the nasal cavity?

Respiratory passage

What carries deoxygenated blood to the heart?

Veins

What is the scientific name for the heart strings?

Charade tendineae

Why is the left side of the heart the thickest?

The greater pressure of the left ventricle during contractions

What type of blood is found in the right atrium?

Oxygenated

What is the vena cava?

A large vessel that carries deoxygenated blood from the body

What is the external layer of the heart?

Epicardium

What direction does arterial blood flow?

Away from the heart

What are the lobes of the right lung?

Cranial lobe, caudal lobe, middle lobe, and accessory lobe

What do veins do?

Carry deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart

What type of blood is carried by the vena cava?

Deoxygenated blood

What is the tip of the heart called?

Apex

What valve lies between the right atrium abd ventricle?

Right atrioventricular opening

What do the papillary muscles do?

Attachments for the chordae tendinea

What side of the heart interacts with deoxygenated blood?

Right side

What are the lobes of the left lung?

Cranial lobe, and caudal lobe

What is the pulmonary trunk?

Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

What are the 4 chambers of the heart?

Right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and eft ventricle

What are the two parts of the vena cava? Aorta?

Cranial and caudal

What is the path of blood through the heart?

Circulatory system

What is the muscular layer of the heart?

Myocardium

What chambers are separated by the left AV valve?

Left atrium and left ventricle

What does the pulmonary artery do?

Two branches of the pulmonary trunk carrying deoxygenated blood to the left and right lung

What side of the heart is associated with deoxygenated blood?

Right side

What is the bifurcation?

The splitting of the trachea into right and left primary bronchi.

What collects urine in the kidney?

Renal pelvis

Where do sperm mature?

Epidiymis

What is the primary function of the kidneys?

Filtering blood and producing urine from the waste

Where does sperm formation occur?

Testis

What i another name for the ductus deferens?

Vas deferens

What is the thin fibrous tissue that covers the external surface of the kidney?

Fibrous capsule

What is the external opening of the female reproductive tract?

Vulva

In the kidney what is the primary site of blood filtration?

Glomerulus

What is the name of the erectile end of the penis?

Glans penis

What cavity are the kidneys located in?

Retroperitoneal cavity

What is the primary job of the renal system?

To filter the blood and get rid of waste

What allows the sperm to leave the testicles?

Ductus deferens

What two muscles help to regulate scrotal temperature?

Dartos muscle and cremaster muscle

What is the job of the ureter?

Propels urine to the bladder

What accessory sex gland is present in all domestic species?

Prostate gland

What is the job of the prostate gland?

Secretes ejaculate to neutralize the acid in the vagina to create a space for sperm to survive.

What is the name for the fat which covers the kidney?

Perirenal fat

Where do sperm acquire motility?

Epididymis

What is the name for the shared space of the female reproductive and urinary systems?

Pelvic cavity

What is the inner portion of the ovary called?

Medulla

What are the parts of the epididymis?

Head, body, and tail

Where is the egg fertilized?

Uterine tube

What is the outer portion of the female reproductive tract?

Vulva

What moves urine from the kidneys to the bladder?

Ureter

What does the cremaster muscle do?

Elevates or lowers the scrotum from the body for temp regulation

What lies between the cervix and the vulva?

Vagina

What ligament supports the female reproductive tract??

Mesovarium

What collection of blood vessels helps to cool blood coming to the testicles?

Pampiniform plexus

What is the sigmoid flexure?

Connects the descending colon to the anus

Where are eggs produced?

Ovary

How are eggs transported tot he uterus?

Uterine tube

What are the three parts of the uterus?

Uterine horn, body, and cervix

What is the renal cortex?

The portion that is lighter in color and is the outer layer

What is the renal medulla?

Internal portion that is darker in color contains the collecting ducts

What is the renal hilus?

Medial border of the external kidney that is indented by an oval opening that opens into the renal sinus

What is the s-shaped curve of the penis found in the ruminant and boar?

Bulbus glandis

What structure of the eye reflects light back through the retina?

Tapetum lucidum

What separates the two hemispheres of the cerebrum?

Corpus callosum

What is the most rostral lobe of cerebrum?

Frontal lobe

Why is myelin?

Insulates the nerve process and increases the impulse speed

What is the white part of the eye?

Sclera

What is the most caudal lobe of the brain?

Occipital lobe

What is the hole in the iris?

Pupil

What connects the two hemispheres of the cerebrum?

Corpus callosum

What portion of the eye gives it color?

Iris

What reflex center is located in the rostral colliculi?

Auditory

What is the most caudal portion of the brain stem?

Medulla oblongata

What are the components of the central nervous system?

brain and spinal cord