Chapter 7 - Nutrition

Weight Bias

Negative attitudes and stereotypes directed toward individuals based on their body weight or size.

Energy Balance

The relationship between energy intake and energy expenditure, where energy input equals energy output.

Positive Energy Balance

A state where energy intake exceeds energy expenditure, resulting in weight gain.

Negative Energy Balance

A state where energy intake is less than energy expenditure, resulting in weight loss.

Basal Metabolism Rate (BMR)

The minimal amount of calories expended in a fasting state to maintain basic bodily functions.

Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)

The energy used to digest, absorb, and metabolize food nutrients, accounting for about 8% to 15% of total calorie intake.

Brown Adipose Tissue

A specialized form of metabolically active fat that generates heat instead of storing energy.

Adaptive Thermogenesis

The production of heat in response to changes in dietary patterns or environmental exposures.

Body Mass Index (BMI)

A measure that uses height and weight to classify individuals into underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese categories.

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

An equation to predict appropriate energy intakes for individuals based on various factors like age, sex, weight, height, and physical activity level.

Non-exercise Activity Thermogenesis (NEAT)

Energy burned through movement outside of planned exercises, such as fidgeting or walking to a different room.

Healthful Plant-based Dietary Pattern

Eating patterns rich in plant foods that contribute to less weight gain over time compared to unhealthful patterns.

People-First Language

A way of speaking that puts the person before the condition to avoid stigma and bias.

Caloric Deficit

The state of consuming fewer calories than the body expends, leading to weight loss.

Nutrient-Dense Foods

Foods that are high in vitamins and minerals relative to their calorie content.

Lean Body Mass (LBM)

The weight of a person's body minus the fat; includes muscle, bones, and organs.

Fad Diet

A diet that promotes rapid weight loss through restrictive eating patterns without scientific evidence.

Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA)

An imaging technology used to measure bone density and body fat percentage.

Bariatric Surgery

Surgical procedures performed on the stomach or intestines to induce weight loss.