Logic P1 (Pneumonia)

Community-acquired pneumonia

Pneumonia occurring in the community or ≤48 hours after hospital admission

Hospital-acquired pneumonia

Pneumonia occurring ≥48 hours after hospital admission

Ventilator-acquired pneumonia

A type of HAP that develops ≥48 hours after endotracheal tube intubation

S. pneumoniae

most common bacterial cause of CAP

S. pneumoniae

a gram-positive organism that resides naturally in the upper respiratory tract

S. pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, H. influenzae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, S. aureus, Legionella

CAP CAs? 6 are listed

H. influenzae

causes a type of CAP that frequently affects older adults and those with comorbid illnesses such as COPD, diabetes

M. pneumoniae

is spread by infected respiratory droplets through person-to-person contact

earache and bullous myringitis

What 2 symptoms are common in M. pneumonia?

CAs are often MDROs

What is the distinction of HCAP?

Enterobacter, E. coli, H. influenzae, Klebsiella, P. aeruginosa, S. pneumoniae, MRSA

CAs of HAP? 7 are listed (2 repeated from CAP)

pseudomonal pneumonia

this pneumonia occurs in patients who are debilitated, those with altered mental status, and those with prolonged intubation or with tracheostomy

staphylococcal pneumonia (may be MRSA so mortality is high)

can occur through inhalation of the organism or spread through the hematogenous route. It is often accompanied by sepsis and positive blood cultures.

Patients are isolated in a private room with contact precautions

Steps to prevent spread of MRSA pneumonia?

New pulmonary infiltrate

The usual presentation of HAP on chest xray?

Pneumonias from Klebsiella or other gram-negative organisms

are characterized by the destruction of lung structure and alveolar walls, consolidation, and sepsis.

Pneumocystis jiroveci, fungal, M. tuberculosis

CAs of pneumonia in the immunocompromised host? 3 are listed

Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, E. coli

3 gram-negative bacilli?

anaerobes, S. aureus, Streptococcus species, gram-negative bacilli

CAs of aspiration pneumonia? 4 are listed (3 are general types)

0.8

normal V/Q ratio

lobar pneumonia

If a substantial portion of one or more lobes is involved, the disease is referred to as?

bronchopneumonia

is used to describe pneumonia that is distributed in a patchy fashion

Staphylococcal

CA in influenza?

Pneumococcal, H. influenzae

2 CA in COPD?

Pseudomonal, Staphylococcal

2 CA in cystic fibrosis?

C-reactive protein can help detect whether it is a bacterial pneumonia rather than a viral pneumonia

Relevance of CRP?