A&P LAB: ANATOMY OF REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM PT.1

class

scrotum

encloses, protects, and regulates temperature of testes

testis

produces sperm cells as well as testosterone and inhibitin. 

cremaster muscle

smooth muscle tissue that controls the height of the testes

seminiferous tubules

tightly coiled tubes inside the testes that are the site of sperm production

epididymis

promotes sperm cell maturation; stores sperm; moves sperm cells to ductus deferens

ductus deferens (vas deferens)

stores sperm; moves sperm to ejaculatory duct

ejaculatory duct

transports sperm from ductus deferens into urethra

prostatic urethra

surrounded by the prostate gland

membranous urethra

passes through the external urethral sphincter 

spongy urethra

extends through the penis and terminates at the external urethral orifice

seminal vesicles (paired)

accessory glands in the male reproductive system that produce seminal fluid—a component of semen.

seminal fluid

a yellowish secretion that makes up approx. 60-70% of total semen volume. contains fructose(help sperm make ATP), postaglandins (stimulate smooth muscle contractions, increase sperm viability), and proteins and enzymes. helps maintain semen in female reproductive tract after ejaculation

prostate gland

accessory gland in the male reproductive system that produces prostatic secretions—a component of semen. fluid helps support sperm, activate it for fertilization, and functions as an anticoagulant; also has immunological functions.

synapsis

cross-linking of chromosomes during meiosis that allows for mixing of genetics

penis

moves urine and semen out of body; can insert into vagina during intercourse to deposit semen

semen

A mixture of sperm and fluids from the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral and urethral glands.

glans penis

end of the penis which is where the external urethral orifice is located

prepuce

skin covering penis, loose and forms a circular fold. may be removed shortly after birth.

corpora cavernosa

paired dorsal erectile bodies of spongy connective tissue and smooth muscle filled with vascular spaces in the penis.

corpus spongiosum

ventral erectile body of spongy connective tissue and smooth muscle filled with vascular spaces in the penis.

mons pubis

a fatty, rounded area overlying the pubic symphysis that is covered with hair after puberty 

labia

two sets of fatty protective skin folds that are posterior to the mons pubis; incudes the outer labia major and smaller inner labia minora.

clitoris

a small, protruding structure of the female vulva composed of erectile tissue; important in the female sexual response.innervated by many sensory, motor, and autonomic fibers. 

hymen

incomplete partition of mucosa near the distal vaginal orifice. very vascular and may bleed when it ruptures.

vulva

external genitalia of the women

perineum

the diamond-shaped area on the pelvic floor bordered by the pubic symphysis anteriorly, the ischial tuberosities laterally, and the coccyx posteriorly

vestibule

region which contains the urethral orifice and vaginal orifice; the paraurethral glands, which discharge mucus into the urethra; and the openings of the greater vestibular glands, which release mucus to lubricate the vaginal orifice during intercourse. 

vagina

the female organ of copulation that receives the penis and semen during sexual intercourse; it is also the passageway for delivery of an infant and for menstrual flow

greater vestibular gland

secretes mucus, which helps lubricate the opening of the vagina

primordial follicles

the first follicles formed in the female fetus. each one contains primary oocyte