Genitourinary Infections & STIs ch 27

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to genitourinary infections and sexually transmitted infections, aiding in comprehension and exam preparation.

What are the defense mechanisms to prevent infections in the urinary tract?

The urinary tract is protected by mechanisms such as a normal urine flow, the presence of antibacterial properties in urine, the acidic pH of urine, and the shedding of the urothelium.

What are the possible consequences of fallopian tube infections?

Fallopian tube infections can lead to complications such as infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain.

What parts of the genitourinary system lack a normal microbiota?

The kidneys and the urinary bladder typically lack normal microbiota.

What parts of the genitourinary system possess a normal microbiota?

The urethra and the vagina harbor a normal microbiota.

What are the factors that predispose individuals to urinary tract infections?

Factors include female gender, sexual activity, use of certain contraceptives, urinary retention, and anatomical abnormalities.

What are characteristics of bacterial cystitis?

Bacterial cystitis is characterized by symptoms such as burning during urination, urgency, frequent urination, and lower abdominal pain.

What are the causes of bacterial cystitis?

Common causes include Escherichia coli and other bacteria ascending from the urethra to the bladder.

What is the mode of transmission for bacterial cystitis?

Bacterial cystitis is commonly transmitted through improper hygiene practices, sexual intercourse, or urinary catheters.

What prevention measures are recommended for bacterial cystitis?

Preventive measures include proper personal hygiene, increased fluid intake, and urinating after sexual intercourse.

What are treatment options for bacterial cystitis?

Treatment usually involves antibiotics.

What are the characteristics of Chlamydia infection?

Chlamydia infection often presents asymptomatically but can cause symptoms like abnormal discharge, painful urination, and pelvic pain.

What are the causes of Chlamydia infection?

Chlamydia infection is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.

What is the mode of transmission for Chlamydia infection?

It is primarily transmitted through sexual contact.

What prevention measures are recommended for Chlamydia infection?

Prevention can include safe sex practices and regular screening.

What are the treatment options for Chlamydia infection?

Treatment typically involves antibiotics.

What are three things that increase the risk of acquiring a sexually transmitted disease?

Factors include having multiple sexual partners, unprotected sex, and a history of STDs.

What are three measures that help prevent sexually transmitted diseases?

Preventive measures include using condoms, having regular STD screenings, and limiting the number of sexual partners.

What is the prevalence of chlamydial genital system infections?

Chlamydial infections are among the most common STDs worldwide.

What are the complications of chlamydial genital system infections?

Complications include infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease, and increased risk of HIV transmission.