Alcohols and Phenols

These flashcards cover key concepts related to alcohols and phenols, including their structures, reactions, and identification tests.

Primary alcohols are defined as alcohols where the -OH group is attached to a _ carbon atom.

The -OH group is attached to a primary carbon (1o).

Secondary alcohols are defined as alcohols where the -OH group is attached to a _ carbon atom.

The -OH group is attached to a secondary carbon (2o).

Aldehydes are reduced to alcohols, while ketones are reduced to alcohols.

Aldehydes are reduced to primary alcohols; ketones are reduced to secondary alcohols.

To convert carboxylic acids to primary alcohols, a stronger reducing agent called _ is needed.

LiAlH4.

The reaction of primary and secondary alcohols with hydrogen chloride requires an anhydrous _ catalyst.

Zinc chloride.

Ethanoyl chloride reacts with alcohols via _ addition elimination reactions.

Nucleophilic.

The process of forming esters from carboxylic acids and alcohols in the presence of a strong acid is called _.

Esterification.

Phenol is an aromatic alcohol that consists of a _ ring and an -OH alcohol group.

Benzene.

Phenol has a pH between and .

5 and 6.

When phenol loses a hydrogen ion, the resulting phenoxide ion is stabilized by the _ system of benzene.

Delocalised.

Aqueous ferric chloride (FeCl3) can test for the presence of _ in compounds.

Phenol.