Module 4 Flashcards

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23 Terms

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Blastocyst

An early stage of embryonic development that occurs after the zygote stage

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Embryonic Stage

The period of development from two weeks to eight weeks after conception

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Fetal Stage

The stage of prenatal development that begins two months after conception

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Teratogens

Substances that can disrupt prenatal development, such as smoking, drinking, and illnesses during pregnancy

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Habituation Procedures

The decline in response to a familiar stimulus

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Schemas

Patterns of knowledge and long-term memory that help individuals organize and remember information

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Accommodation

The process of modifying existing schemas to incorporate new information

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A Not B Effect

A phenomenon observed in cognitive development where infants look for an object in a location it was previously hidden, rather than where it was last seen

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Heinz Dilemma

A moral dilemma used to assess moral reasoning

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Language Acquisition

The process of learning language, believed to involve innate abilities

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Aphasia

A neurological impairment affecting language ability

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Broca’s Area

The region of the brain involved in the production of speech

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Wernicke’s Area

The region of the brain linked to the comprehension of language, allowing for fluent but nonsensical speech

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Phonetics and Phonology

The study of how the brain processes speech sounds

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Morphology

The study of the structure of words

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Syntax

The study of how words are arranged to form sentences

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Semantics

The study of meaning in language

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Pragmatics

The study of the context that influences the meaning of language

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Universal Grammar

The theory that humans are born with an innate ability to acquire language

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Labial Consonants

Consonant sounds produced primarily with the lips

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Stop Consonant

A type of consonant where airflow is completely blocked

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Language Processing

The way our brains are configured to understand and produce language

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Consonants

Sounds produced by blocking airflow in the vocal tract