Module 1

a- (an- before a vowel of h)

Not, without, lacking, deficient

anti- (ant- often before vowel or h)

Against, opposed to, preventing, reliving

di- (rarely dis-)

2, twice, double

dys-

Difficult, painful, defective, abnormal

ec- (ex- before vowel)

Out of, away from

ecto- (ect- often before vowel)

Outside of

en- (em- before b,m,p)

In, into, within

endo-, ento- (end-, ent- before vowel)

Within

epi- (ep- before vowel or h)

Upon, over, above

exo-

Outside, from outside, toward outside

hemi-

Half, partial, one side of body

hyper-

Over, above, excessive, beyond normal

hypo- (hyp- before vowel or b)

Under, deficient, below normal

mono- (mon- before vowel or h)

1, single

peri-

Around, surrounding

syn- (sym- before b,p,m)

Together, with, joined

Can there be more than 1 prefix?

Yes

exo-anti-gen

Can a prefix follow a combining form?

Yes

cardi-ec-tomy

-a

State, condition

Noun forming

-ac (rare)

Pertaining to, located in

Adj forming

-ia

State, condition

Noun forming

-ium (rarely -eum)

Membrane, connective tissue

Noun forming

-ma

Abnormal or diseased condition

Combining form is -mat; sometimes final a gets dropped

Noun forming

-osis

Abnormal or diseased condition

Noun forming

-otic

Pertaining to

Adj forming suffix from nouns ending in -osis

-sia

State, condition, quality, process, procedure

Noun forming

-sis

State, condition, quality, process, procedure

Noun forming

-tic

Pertaining to; Can indicate a drug or agent

Adj forming suffix from nouns ending in -sis

Could be noun

-iac

Person afflicted with

Noun forming

-iasis

Disease, abnormal condition, abnormal presense of; often used with the name of a parasitic organism to indicate infestation of the body by that organism

Noun forming

-iasis used with lith-

Formation and/or presence of of calculi in the body

-ic

Pertaining to, located in, indicates a drug or agent sometimes as an adj or noun; Can refer to a person suffering from a certain disability or condition

Adj/noun forming

-in, -ine

Form names of substances

Noun forming

-ist

A person interested in

Noun forming

-itic

Pertaining to inflammation; Can be both adj or noun often indicating a drug or agent

Noun/adj forming

-itis

Indicating an inflamed condition; Inflammation

Noun forming

-itides

Plural form of nouns ending in -itis

-itic or -itis

Can form nouns referring to a person suffering from a certain disability or condition

-y

State, condition, quality, process, procedure

Can there be more than one suffix?

Yes

Can a suffix occur in the middle of a word affixed to a combining form?

Yes

hepat-ic-o-enteros-tomy

acanth- (base)

Thorn, spine

alg- (base)

Pain

alges- (base)

Sensitivity to pain

all- (base)

Other, divergence, difference from

angi- (base)

Vessel, duct

artheri- (base)

Artery

arthr- (base)

Joint

bi- (base)

Life

brady- (base)

Slow

cardi- (base)

Heart

cephal- (base)

Head

crani- (base)

Skull

cyt- (base)

Cell

encephal- (base)

Brain

erythr- (base)

red, red blood cell

lept- (base)

Thin, fine, slight

leuk-

White, white blood cells

lith- (base)

Stone, calculus

log- (base)

Word, study

malac- (base)

Soft

mes- (base)

Middle, secondary, partial, mesentery

-metr (base)

Measure, measuring device

-meter (base)

Instruments for measuring

nephr- (base)

Kidney

neur- (base)

Nerve, nervous system

oste- (base)

Bone

prax- (base)

Act, action

prot- (base)

First, primative, early

scler- (base)

Hard

sten- (base)

Narrow

stere- (base)

Solid, having three dimensions

tachy- (base)

Rapid

tox(i)- (base)

Poison