ANFS 101 Exam 4 Practice Questions

___ is the largest money generating US agricultural industry

Beef

The US is the ___ beef producer in the world

Top

___ is the largest money generating US agricultural industry

Beef

The US is the ___ beef producer in the world

Top

The beef industry is worth $___ annually

45

Cattle eat ___ and food ___ to produce muscle for food

Grass, Byproducts

The beef industry utilizes land ___ for cultivation

Unsuitable

Cattle breeds are classified by ___ ___

Geographic origin

___ and ___ cattle are British breeds

Angus, Hereford

___ breeds are younger maturing meaning they're ___ with ___ quality meat at marketing

British, Smaller, Higher

___ ___ are very popular crossbreds for their high quality meat and hardiness, coming from their parent breeds the ___ and ___

Black Baldie, Angus, Hereford

___ breeds are later maturing meaning they're ___ with ___ meat at marketing

Continental, Larger, More

Charolais and Limousin are ___ breeds

Continental

Beef cattle are ___, ___, or ___ origin

British, Continental, Zebu

___ breeds require more land but produce ___ meat

Continental, More

___ breeds produces ___ but ___ quality meat

British, Less, Better

___ breeds are ___ and ___ resistant

Zebu, Temperature, Insect

___ and ___ cattle are Zebu origin

Brahman, Brangus

Calves move from cow-calf to ___ operations, later maturing cattle might also go to ___ operations in between

Feeder/Feedlot, Stocker

Cow-calf operations produce ___-___ month old calves

6, 10

Cow-calf operations want to produce the ___ calves for the ___ cost

Heaviest, Least

Cow-calf ranches have typically under ___ cows

100

___ operations aim to promote skeletal growth

Stocker

Stocker operations produce ___-___ month old calves

12, 20

Stocker operations utilize ___ and ___ for low costs

Pasture, Forage

Feedlot operations produce ___-___ month old calves

16, 30

___ operations utilize high energy feeds for fattening

Feeder/Feedlot

___ maturing calves go through stocker operations before ___

Late, Feeder

___ maturing calves only go to two facilities before processing

Early

___ producers are specialized cow-calf producers

Seedstock

___ are important statistics for purebred producers

EPDs

Cows should produce one ___ per ___

Calf, Year

Heifers have their first calf at ___ years old when they are ___% of mature weight

2, 65

The ideal calving interval is ___ months

12

Cow gestation is ___ days

280

Cows theoretically have ___ ___ cycle to rebreed but actually have ___-___ months

1 estrous, 2, 3

___ traits are more heritable while ___ traits are less

Carcass, Reproductive

___ causes crossbred cattle to be ___ productive

Heterosis, More

Cattle are ___ so they utilize forages but may be also fed ___

Ruminants, Supplements

___ and ___ control are important medical measures for cattle management

Vaccinations, Parasite

The cow's estrous cycle is ___ days while estrus is ___ hours

21, 13-17

Beef calves are weaned at approximately ___ months or ___-___ pounds

6, 400, 800

Swine is the ___ most important money generator in animal agriculture

Fourth

Swine are the ___ most numerous livestock

Third

Swine generate approximately $___ billion annually

14

The swine energy utilizes ___ to produce ___

Grain, Meat

Swine have the most efficient ___ to ___ conversion

Feed, Meat

Feeder pigs are ___-___ pounds, grower pigs are ___-___ pigs while finisher pigs are ___-___ pounds

40, 60, 60, 120, 120, 250

Swine are marketed by ___

Weight

___ to ___ is the most effective and abundant swine production type

Farrow, Finish

Feeder pig producers produce swine that are ___ pounds for finishing operations to ___

60, fatten

Finishing operations produce swine for ___ that are ___-___ pounds

Market, 240, 260

Integrated corporate producers are ___ ___ to ___ producers who own their own ___

Specialized Farrow, Finish, Seedstock

___ is the majority of production cost at around ___%

Feed, 65

The trend in the swine industry is towards ___and ___ farms

Fewer, Larger

Swine can be ___, ___, or ___ type

Lard, Bacon, Meat

___ type swine are very fat as opposed to muscular

Lard

___ type swine are ___ and ___

Bacon, Lean, Long

The newer type of swine, meat type, are ___ and ___

Muscular, Lean

___ breeds of swine tend to be ___ and emphasized on the dam side of crossbreds

Maternal, White

___, ___, and ___ ___ breeds have good maternal characteristics (swine)

Yorkshire, Landrace, Chester White

___ breeds of swine tend to be ___ and emphasized on the sire side of crossbreds

Carcass, Dark

___ are a carcass breed

Hampshire

The ___ is a good all around breed

Duroc

___ breeds are developed by companies

Synthetic

___ ___ is the ideal market swine determined by the US Pork industry

Symbol III

Barrows should be ___ pounds in ___ days

270, 156

Gilts should be ___ pounds in ___ days

205, 163

___ ___ ___ is the most common swine crossbreeding program

Three Breed Rotation

Sows can be rebred ___-___ days after weaning

4, 7

The ___ effect is so strong in swine they cannot have a ___ ___ until ___

Suckling, Fertile Heat, Weaning

___ ___ is widely used in the swine industry

Artificial Insemination

Swine semen cannot be ___ which complicates ___ ___

Frozen, Artificial Insemination

Swine gestation is ___ days

115

Swine estrous is ___ and ___ days

Polyestrous, 21

Swine estrus is ___-___ days

2, 3

Swine are ___ ___ (digestion)

Nonruminant Monogastrics

The dairy industry is ___ in animal agriculture

Third

The dairy industry makes $___ billion annually

26

Nearly one ___ of beef comes from the ___ industry

Quarter, Dairy

Dairy cattle have the most efficient ___ to ___ conversion

Feed, Product

The dairy industry has shifted towards ___, ___ operations

Fewer, Larger

While milk production has increased, dairy population has ___

Decreased

A holstein can produce an average of ___ pounds annually

23,000

Most dairies are ___ herd with ___-___ head

Family, 50, 200

Highly ___ and ___ herds of ___-___ head are increasing

Specialized, Efficient, 200, 10,000

The ___ provides producers data for ___ and ___

DHIA, Management, Production

___% of the dairy industry is ___

95/4, Holstein/Jersey

Unlike other industries the ___ is not based on crossbreds due to ___ breed superiority

Dairy, Holstein

Jersey cows produce milk with higher ___ content

Fat

Maintaining a ___ month ___ ___ is important for production

12, Calving Interval

Holsteins can produce up to ___ gallons annually

3000

Lactation peaks at ___-___ weeks

4, 8

___ is how much lactation is maintained after peak

Persistency

Dairy cattle lactate for ___ days

305

Dairies are based on ___ or ___ and ___ feeding

TMR, Pasture, Concentrate

___ or ___ ___ ___ feeding is more nutritionally complete and controllable

TMR, Total Mixed Ration

Dairy cattle are in a ___ energy balance leading to ___ ___

Negative, Weight Loss

A ___ feeding system requires special equipment

TMR

___ is a large threat to production, reducing quality and quantity of milk

Mastitis

Bacteria is the main cause of ___

Mastitis

Cow gestation is ___ days

280