AP Psychology Unit 1 (Part 2)

Part 2

An area of the cerebral cortex that is not associated with receiving sensory information or controlling muscle movements is called __.

association area.

The __ is located at the very back of the brain and interprets messages from the eyes in the visual cortex.

occipital lobe.

The __ are located at the top front part of the brain behind the eyes and are critical for directing thought processes.

frontal lobes.

The __ process sound sensed by the ears, where sound waves are interpreted in the auditory cortex.

temporal lobes.

The __ contain the sensory cortex and are located behind the frontal lobe on the top of the brain.

parietal lobes.

The __ is a thin vertical strip at the back of the frontal lobe that sends signals to the muscles to control voluntary movements.

motor cortex.

A __ uses several x-ray cameras that rotate around the brain to create a detailed 3D picture of its structure only.

CAT/CT scan.

An __ detects brain waves by using electrodes placed on the scalp.

EEG (electroencephalogram).

A __ measures how much of a certain chemical parts of the brain are using, indicating higher activity with more usage.

PET (positron emission tomography).

An __ uses magnetic fields to measure the density and location of brain materials, providing only structural information.

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).

An __ combines elements of MRI and PET scans to show brain structure details along with blood flow information during cognitive tasks.

fMRI (functional MRI).

The term __ refers to the ability of parts of the brain to adapt and perform other functions if needed.

brain plasticity.

__ involves the removal or destruction of part of the brain as a treatment for certain conditions.

lesioning.

__ is a state of consciousness in which we are less aware of ourselves and our environment than when awake.

sleep.

__ refers to our level of awareness about ourselves and our environment.

consciousness.

__ is the condition characterized by persistent problems getting to sleep or staying asleep.

insomnia.

__ causes a person to stop breathing for short periods during the night.

sleep apnea.

__ leads to periods of intense sleepiness and can result in falling asleep unpredictably.

narcolepsy.

Sleep cycles involve a typical pattern of sleep where we progress through different stages, with __ being deep sleep stages 3-4.

deep sleep.

During __, brain waves are active, and this stage is considered the deepest in the sleep cycle.

REM sleep.

__ are a series of story-like images we experience during sleep.

dreams.

According to the __ dream theory, dreams are interpretations of what is occurring physiologically during REM sleep.

activation-synthesis.

The __ dream theory suggests that the brain processes daily stress and information during REM dreams.

information-processing.

The __ theory posits that sleep is essential for encoding new memories.

memory consolidation.

__ theory states that we conserve energy while asleep, reducing caloric demands.

energy conservation.

__ theory argues that during sleep, the body replenishes chemicals and biological resources.

restoration.

Freudian dream interpretation suggests dreams are a method to uncover repressed information in the __.

unconscious mind.

__ is a procedure that uses suggestion to induce a highly relaxed state of focused attention.

hypnosis.