Studied by 33 people
Dark figure of crime
The massive number of crimes not reported to or detected by criminal justice agencies
Actus reus
Guilty act, you committed a crime
Mens reus
guilty mind
Causation
the relationship of cause and effect between one event or action and the result
Concurrence
occurs when there is an intention to commit the crime and voluntary criminal action
Justice
a legal structure or system that is designed to judge in a general sense who should be accorded a benefit or burden when the law is applied to a person's factual circumstances
The code of Hammurabi
The first set of written laws
Uniform Crime Report
a nationwide, cooperative, statistical effort of more than 18,000 law enforcement agencies voluntarily reporting data on crimes brought to their attention, creates crime statistics
Booking
he process where information about a criminal suspect is entered into the system of a police station or jail after that person's arrest
Arraignment
reading you the crime you've been charged with and entering your initial plea of guilty, not guilty, or no contest, occurs during First Appearance
First Appearance
A defendant's first appearance in court, Arraignment occurs during this
System Model
similar to computer system it has an input and an output, inputs crime outputs corrections
Funnel model
Represents several crimes being committed, but only a small percentage of criminals end up in prison.
Adversarial Model
The trial is a contest between two adversaries (prosecution vs. defense).
Discretionary Model
use of discretion at each stage of the criminal justice system
NCVS
The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is the nation's primary source of information on criminal victimization.
Victim
person that has suffered direct physical, emotional, or pecuniary harm as a result of the commission of a crime.
Witness
a person who saw or heard the crime take place or may have important information about the crime or the defendant
Citizen
a person who, by place of birth, nationality of one or both parents, or naturalization is granted full rights and responsibilities as a member of a nation or political community
Suspect
person law enforcement believes to be a likely culprit of a crime
4th amendment
prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures
8th amendment
protects against imposing excessive bail, excessive fines, or cruel and unusual punishments.
5th amendment
an individual cannot be compelled by the government to provide incriminating information about herself
6th amendment
guarantees the rights of criminal defendants, including the right to a public trial without unnecessary delay, the right to a lawyer, the right to an impartial jury, and the right to know who your accusers are and the nature of the charges and evidence against you.
Celebrated Cases
These types of cases garner a great deal of media attention because the crimes are unusual or because the defendants are celebrities or high-ranking officials
Less serious felonies
crimes that include: White collar crime, which includes fraud, tax crimes, bribery and/or counterfeiting; Property crime including embezzlement, theft, receipt of stolen goods, and/or arson; and/or. Drug and alcohol crimes including public intoxication, drug manufacturing and/or drug distribution
Misdemeanors
a type of offense punishable under criminal law, less serious then a felony
Serious felonies
crimes punishable by imprisonment of more than one year that are more serious then less serious felonies, ie murder, assault and battery, robbery
Note 
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