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River landscapes
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Geography
GCSE Geography
9th
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31 Terms
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1
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interception
when vegetation catches water
2
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infiltration
when water moves from the surface into the soil
3
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percolation
when water moves from soil to the rock
4
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surface run-off
when water flows over the soil
5
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through flow
when water flows through the soil
6
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groundwater flow
when water flows through the rock
7
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long profile
the changes in the rivers height above sea level
8
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cross profile
a view of the whole river valley
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abrasion
rocks scraping against the river
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saltation
pebbles bounce along the river bed
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attrition
rocks knock against eachother
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vertical erosion
water erodes downwards
13
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lateral erosion
water erodes side to side
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solution
water dissolves specific rocks
15
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hydraulic action
the force of water erodes coastline
16
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meander
a bend in the river
17
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ox-bow lake
a lake formed at the side of the river
18
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floodplain
flat area either side of the river
19
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levee
a raised area built overtime either side of the river
20
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estuary
were salt and freshwater mix
21
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hydrograph
graph showing the water levels in the river
22
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flashy hydrograph
short lag time and high peak discharge
23
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subdued hydrograph
long lag time and low peak discharge
24
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soft engineering
natural environment is used to reduce flooding
25
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hard engineering
building structures to prevent flooding
26
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drainage basin
area of land around the river
27
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mouth
where the river meets the sea
28
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watershed
the end of the drainage basin
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confluence
where two rivers join together
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tributary
a stream which joins onto a river
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source
where a river starts
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