respiratory system

What are functions of the respiratory system?

Gas exchange, sound production, smell, protection, and gas conditioning

True or False: The Respiratory system is closely related with Circulatory system

True

What are the requirements for the Respiratory System?

Thin-walled, selectively permeable structures for diffusion

High surface area

Moisture

Rich blood supply

Transports, filters, humidifies, and warm air

Conducting zone

Respiratory zone

Gas exchange occurs, composed of bronchioles alveolar ducts and sacs

Nose

Provides airway

Moisten and warns air

Filters air

Resonating chamber for speech

Olfactory receptors

What does the Ethmoid bone contain?

Middle nasal concha

Perpendicular plate

Vestibule (just above nostrils)

Lined with skin containing sebaceous and sweat glands and nose hairs.

Filters large particulars (insects, lint, etc.)

Cribriform plate

Small patch of olfactory mucosa near roof

Respiratory mucosa

Lines most of the cavity

What epithelium does the Respiratory mucosa have?

Pseudo-stratified Ciliated columnar epithelium

What kind of cells does the respiratory mucosa have.

Goblet cells

What do mucous cells secrete?

Mucous

What do serous cells secrete?

Watery fluid with digestive enzymes (e,g. Lysozyme)

How much does the Respiratory mucosa cells produce a day?

Quart

What happens with dead junk?

Is swallowed

Nasal Conchae

Inferior to each is a meatus

Increases turbulence of air

3 scroll-like structures

Reclaims moisture on the way out

What does the Ethmoid contain?

Superior concha

Middle concha

Inferior concha

What does the Paranasal sinuses contain?

Frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones

Paranasal sinuses

Open into nasal cavity

Lined by same mucosa as nasal cavity and preform same functions

Also lighten the skull

Can get infected (sinusitis)

Pharynx

Throat

What does the Pharynx contain?

Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, and Laryngopharynx

Nasopharynx

Conducts air, and Pseudostratified Ciliated columnar

Oropharynx and Laryngopharynx

Conducts air, food, drink, and Nonkeratinized stratified squamous

Uvula

Closes off Nasopharynx during swallowing so food doesn’t go into nose

Epiglottis

Posterior to the tongue, keeps food out of airway

What does the Laryngeal cartilages contain?

Thyroid cartilage of larynx and cricoid cartilage

Larynx

Voice box

Larynx

Attaches to hyoid bone superiorly

Inferiorly is continous with trachea (windpipe)

What are the functions of the Larynx?

Produce vocalizations (speech)

Provides an open airway (breathing)

Switching mechanism to route air and food into proper channels

*closed during swallowing

*Open during breathing