Tactical Empathy Objection Handling Flashcards

PART 1: Quick Notes to Recognise & Learn *Chapter: Weathering the Storm in Ersama - By Harsh Mander* *1. The Cyclone:* - Date: 27 October 1999, super cyclone hit coastal Orissa (Ersama). - Prashant, a 19-year-old boy, had gone to his friend's house in Ersama, 18 km from his village Kalikuda. - Wind speed was 350 km/hr. For 36 hours the destruction continued. - Prashant and his friend's family took shelter on the roof. They survived on tender coconuts. *2. The Journey Back:* - After 2 days, rain receded. Prashant took a long sturdy stick and started his 18 km journey back through flood water. - The journey was macabre - he saw dead bodies of men, women, children and animal carcasses floating. - He met two friends of his uncle on the way. *3. Reaching Kalikuda:* - He found only the remains of his house roof. He thought his family was dead and wept. - He went to the Red Cross shelter to find them. *4. At The Shelter:* - First person he saw was his maternal grandmother - weak with hunger, it was a miracle. His whole extended family was alive. - In his village: 96 houses washed away, 86 lives lost. 2500 people in the shelter, survived on green coconuts for 4 days. *5. Prashant Becomes a Leader:* - *Day 4:* Organized youths & elders, pressurized the rice merchant and got rice (even though rotting) for everyone. Cleaned the shelter of filth, urine, vomit, carcasses. - *Day 5:* Military helicopter dropped food but didn't return. Prashant made children lie in the sand with empty utensils on their stomachs to signal "hungry" to helicopters. It worked. - *Next Weeks:* Made a polythene shelter for orphaned children, women to look after them, men to arrange food. - Healed grief: Started food-for-work program by an NGO for women, and organized cricket matches for children. - *6 Months Later:* Government plan was to make institutions for orphans and widows. Prashant's group resisted it, saying children would grow without love and suffer stigma. They suggested foster families - childless widows + orphans. Moral: Selfless service heals pain. His youthful, handsome face became the most sought-after in the village in their darkest hour. PART 2: Ready-to-Import Flashcards (Q&A) *Q1: When did the super cyclone hit Orissa?* A: On 27 October 1999 *Q2: Where had Prashant gone?* A: To block headquarters Ersama, 18 km from his village Kalikuda, to spend a day with a friend *Q3: What was the wind velocity?* A: 350 km per hour *Q4: How did Prashant's friend's family survive for 2 days on the roof?* A: They ate tender coconuts from two coconut trees that fell on their roof - a blessing in disguise *Q5: How did Prashant find his way back home?* A: With a long sturdy stick to locate the road and check water depth *Q6: What macabre scenes did he see while wading?* A: Many human bodies and carcasses of dogs, goats, cattle floating *Q7: What did he find in Kalikuda?* A: Only remnants of his house roof, belongings tangled in tree branches *Q8: Where did he find his family?* A: In the Red Cross shelter *Q9: Who was the first person he met in the shelter?* A: His maternal grandmother *Q10: How many houses and lives were lost in his village?* A: All 96 houses washed away, 86 lives lost *Q11: How many people were in the shelter and how long did they survive on coconuts?* A: 2500 people, 4 days on green coconuts *Q12: What was his first task as a leader?* A: Got rice from the merchant by organizing a youth delegation and cleaned the shelter *Q13: How did they communicate hunger to the helicopter?* A: They deputed children to lie in the sand around the shelter with empty utensils on their stomachs *Q14: What did he do for the orphaned children?* A: Brought them together in a polythene sheet shelter, mobilized women to care for them *Q15: How did he help widows and children overcome grief?* A: Persuaded women to join food-for-work program of an NGO, organized cricket matches and sports for children *Q16: What was the government plan and why did Prashant resist it?* A: Plan was to set up institutions for orphans and widows. He resisted because children would grow without love and suffer stigma and loneliness. He proposed resettlement in own community in foster families of childless widows.

Untericht 38. Empathy

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Module 6a Lecture - Intimacy and Empathy

Module 6a Transcript - Intimacy and Empathy

Chapter 10: Stress, Health, and Coping Stress vs. Stressor * Stressor: Anything that causes stress (an event, situation, or demand). * Example: Exams, losing a job, relationship problems. * Stress: The body’s response to a stressor. * Example: Feeling anxious, increased heart rate. Types of Stressors 1. Catastrophe * Large, unpredictable events affecting many people. * Example: Natural disasters, wars. 2. Significant Life Changes * Major events that require adjustment. * Example: Divorce, moving, starting college. 3. Daily Stressors * Small everyday problems. * Example: Traffic, homework, arguments. Sympathetic Nervous System & Fight-or-Flight * Activates during stressful situations. * Prepares the body to react. * Causes: * Increased heart rate * Faster breathing * More energy released General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) A three-stage response to stress: 1. Alarm: Body reacts to stress. 2. Resistance: Body tries to adapt and continue functioning. 3. Exhaustion: Long-term stress drains resources. Type A vs. Type B Personality Type A: * Competitive * Impatient * Time-urgent * More stress-prone Type B: * Relaxed * Patient * Less stressed Immune System & Stress * Long-term stress weakens the immune system. * Makes the body more vulnerable to illness. Locus of Control Internal locus of control: * Belief that you control your outcomes. External locus of control: * Belief that outside forces control outcomes (luck, fate). Managing Stress * Aerobic exercise * Meditation * Relaxation techniques * Spending time with pets * Social support * Healthy sleep habits ⸻ Chapter 11: Social Psychology Fundamental Attribution Error * Tendency to explain others’ behavior by personality instead of situations. * Example: “He’s lazy” instead of considering he may be exhausted. Attitudes * Feelings and beliefs that influence behavior. * Made of: * Thoughts * Feelings * Actions Cognitive Dissonance * Mental discomfort from having conflicting beliefs or behaviors. * Example: Knowing smoking is unhealthy but continuing to smoke. Social Contagion * Spread of behaviors, emotions, or ideas through groups. * Example: Panic spreading through a crowd. Classic Studies Asch’s Line Study * Showed people may conform to a group even when the group is wrong. Milgram’s Obedience Study * Showed people may obey authority figures even when uncomfortable. Social Facilitation vs. Social Loafing Social Facilitation: * Performance improves when others are watching. Social Loafing: * People put in less effort when working in groups. Deindividuation * Losing self-awareness and responsibility in a group. * Example: Crowds acting differently than individuals. Ingoups vs. Outgroups Ingroup: * Group you belong to. Outgroup: * Group you see as different. Can lead to: * Bias * Stereotypes * Prejudice Passionate vs. Companionate Love Passionate Love: * Intense attraction and excitement. Companionate Love: * Deep affection, trust, and commitment. Altruism & Bystander Effect Altruism: * Helping others without expecting a reward. Bystander Effect: * People are less likely to help when others are present. ⸻ Chapter 12: Personality Personality * Patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make someone unique. Psychoanalytic Theory (Freud) Id * Wants immediate pleasure. * “I want it now.” Ego * Reality-based decision maker. * Balances id and superego. Superego * Morals and rules. Defense Mechanisms Ways the mind protects itself from anxiety. Examples: * Denial: Refusing to accept reality. * Projection: Blaming feelings on others. * Rationalization: Creating excuses. Humanistic Theory * Focuses on personal growth and reaching full potential. * Carl Rogers developed Person-Centered Therapy. Trait Theory (Big Five) Five major personality traits: OCEAN * Openness * Conscientiousness * Extraversion * Agreeableness * Neuroticism Spotlight Effect vs. Narcissism Spotlight Effect: * Believing others notice you more than they actually do. Narcissism: * Excessive self-focus and feeling superior. Kruger-Dunning Effect * People with low ability may overestimate their skills. Individualistic vs. Collectivistic Cultures Individualistic: * Focus on independence and personal goals. Collectivistic: * Focus on family, groups, and cooperation. ⸻ Chapter 13: Psychological Disorders Psychological Disorder * A pattern of thoughts, feelings, or behaviors that causes distress or problems functioning. Anxiety Disorders * Excessive fear or worry. Examples: * Generalized anxiety disorder * Panic disorder * Phobias OCD * Obsessions (unwanted thoughts) * Compulsions (repetitive behaviors) PTSD * Stress disorder after experiencing or witnessing trauma. Substance Use Disorder * Difficulty controlling substance use despite negative effects. Major Depressive Disorder Symptoms include: * Persistent sadness * Loss of interest * Changes in sleep or energy Bipolar Disorder * Episodes of depression and mania. * Mania involves unusually high energy, mood, or activity. Suicidal Ideation * Thoughts about suicide. (Important: any concerns about safety should be taken seriously and support should be reached out to.) Schizophrenia * Disorder involving: * Hallucinations * Delusions * Disorganized thinking Personality Disorders Antisocial PD * Disregard for others’ rights and social rules. Narcissistic PD * Extreme need for admiration and lack of empathy. Borderline PD * Difficulty with emotions, relationships, and sense of self. ⸻ Chapter 14: Treatment Psychotherapy * Treatment using psychological methods to improve mental health. Types of Psychotherapy Psychoanalysis/Psychodynamic * Focuses on unconscious conflicts and past experiences. Client-Centered/Humanistic * Focuses on acceptance, growth, and self-understanding. Behavioral Therapy * Changes behaviors through learning principles. Cognitive Therapy * Changes unhealthy thought patterns. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) * Combines changing thoughts and behaviors. Family Therapy * Works with family relationships. Group Therapy * Therapy with multiple people. Evidence-Based Practice * Treatments supported by scientific research. Therapeutic Lifestyle Change Improving mental health through: * Exercise * Sleep * Nutrition * Social connection Biomedical Treatments Medication * Treats symptoms through biological processes. ECT (Electroconvulsive Therapy) * Uses controlled electrical stimulation to treat severe depression. Psychosurgery * Surgery involving the brain (rare). TMS (Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation) * Uses magnetic stimulation to affect brain activity. ⸻ Quick Test Tips: * Stress = response, Stressor = cause * Asch = conformity * Milgram = obedience * Big Five = OCEAN * Id = pleasure, Ego = reality, Superego = morals * CBT = thoughts + behaviors * Bystander effect = less helping in groups

47 - - Gastric motility – hunger contractions, storage functions, mixing and propulsion of food. Emptying of the stomach. Control of gastric motility. Vomiting.

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Empathizing and Self-Disclosure in Clinical Practice

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Effective Communication and Empathetic Interaction

Emath 30.06.2026.

29.06.2026 - Emath

SET 1: EMPATHY & INTERPERSONAL INFLUENCE (Dùng cho: Gây ấn tượng, giúp đỡ, khuyến khích, cho lời khuyên)

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Expatriate Assignment: Culture Shock, Repatriation, and Cross-Cultural Training

Chapter 7: Observing and Reflecting Feelings: The Heart of Empathic Understanding