W1: Evolution of Nursing

INTUITIVE PERIOD

What Period:

Prehistoric to early Christian era

INTUITIVE PERIOD

What Period:

More on **intuition**

NOMADS

Travel from one place to another

NOMADS

Survival of the fittest

NOMADS

Best for the most”- motto

INTUITIVE PERIOD

What Period:

Sickness is due to **“voodoo”**

INTUITIVE PERIOD

What Period:

Performed out of feeling of compassion for others.

INTUITIVE PERIOD

What Period:

Performed out of desire to help

INTUITIVE PERIOD

What Period:

Performed out of wish to do good

INTUITIVE PERIOD

What Period:

Nursing is given by the **WOMEN**

SHAMAN

Who sses white magic to counterattack the black magic?

SHAMAN

Who are the doctors during intuitive period?

TREPHINING

What is the process of drilling the skull?

TREPHINING

What is used to treat **psychotic patients** who were believed to be possessed by evil spirits?

INTUITIVE PERIOD

What Period:

Growth of regilion- most important thing that happened.

INTUITIVE PERIOD

What Period:

Growth of civilization

INTUITIVE PERIOD

What Period:

**Law of self-preservation**- inspire man in search of knowledge

Rise in Civilization

From the mode of Nomadic life, agrarian society, and development of urban community life.

Rise in Civilization

Existence of means of communication

Rise in Civilization

Start of scientific knowledge, more complex life, increase in health problems, **demand for more nurses**

Rise in Civilization

Nursing as a duty of **SLAVES** and **WIVES. NURSING DID NOT CHANGE** but there was progress in the practice of Medicine.

Rise in Civilization

Care of the sick was still closely allied with superstitions, religion, and magic

Near East

Where is the birth place of 3 religious ideologist?

**Judaism, Christianity, Mohammedism or Islam**

What is the 3 religious ideologist?

Near EastNear East

What was adopted by the Greeks and Romans combined with the wonders of the Far East by returning crusaders and explorers improved and was carried to Europe during the Renaissance Period that resulted to greater knowledge then to the New World by the Early settlers.?

Near East

What is a tiny area known as birth of monotheism that lies between Tigris and Euphrates River in the Nile River arose the cultures of Babylonia, Egypt and Hebrew.

MONOTHEISM

Believer of **one god**

Babylonians

CODE OF HAMMURABI

CODE OF HAMMURABI

1st recording on the medical practice.

CODE OF HAMMURABI

Established the medical fees

CODE OF HAMMURABI

Discouraged experimentation

CODE OF HAMMURABI

Specific doctor for each disease

CODE OF HAMMURABI

Right of patient to choose treatment between the use of charms, medicine, or surgical procedure.

Egyptians

ART OF EMBALMING

ART OF EMBALMING

Mummification

ART OF EMBALMING

Removing the internal organs of the dead body

ART OF EMBALMING

Instillation of herbs and salt to the dead

ART OF EMBALMING

Used **to enhance their knowledge of the human anatomy**. Since work was done and performed on the dead, they learned nothing of Philosophy.

Egyptians

**“THE 250 DISEASES”**

“THE 250 DISEASES”

Documentation about **250 diseases and treatments.**

Hebrew

Teachings of **MOSES**

Moses

Who created Leviticus?

Moses

Who is the “Father of sanitation”?

Hebrew

**Practice the values of “Hospitality to strangers” and the “Act of charity”- contained in the book of Genesis**

Hebrew

**LEVITICUS**- 3rd book of the Old Testament

Leviticus

Laws controlling the spread of communicable diseases

Leviticus

Laws governing cleanliness

Leviticus

Laws on the preparation of food

Leviticus

Purification of man and his food

Leviticus

The ritual of **CIRCUMCISION**- on the **8th day after birth**

8th day after birth

When does circumcision happen in Leviticus?

Hebrew

**MOSAIC LAW**

Mosaic Law

What is meant to keep Hebrews purse so that they may enter the sanctuary without affronting God?

Mosaic Law

What is meant as a survival for health and hygienic reason only?

China

Use of pharmacologic drugs

China

“MATERIAL MEDICA”

MATERIAL MEDICA

What book that indicates the pharmacologic drug used for treatment?

China

No knowledge on anatomy

China

Use of wax to preserve the body of the dead

China

Method of paper making

China

Baby boys given girl’s name

China

Prohibits dissecting of human body thus thwarting scientific study.

**India**

SASHURUTO

SASHURUTO

1st recording on the nursing practice

India

Hampered by Taboos due to social structures and practices of animal worship

India

**Medicine men built hospitals**

India

Intuitive form of **asepsis**

Sepsis

present of microorganism causing infection

Asepsis

absence of microorganims causing diseases.

India

There was proficient practice of Medicine and Surgery

Lay Brothers, Priest Nurses, combination of Pharmacist, Masseurs, PT, cooks

What are the nurses qualification in India?

India

There was also decline in Medical practice due to fall of **Buddhism**- state religion of India

Buddhism

state religion of India

Greece

AESCULAPIUS

AESCULAPIUS

Who is the “Father of medicine in Greek mythology”?

**Greece**

HIPPOCRATES

HIPPOCRATES

**“Father of modern medicine”**

HIPPOCRATES

Who is the 1st to reject the idea that diseases are caused by evil spirits?

HIPPOCRATES

Who is the 1st to apply assessment?

HIPPOCRATES

Who practice medical ethics- **Autonomy, DNR, beneficence, nonmaleficence or justice?**

Greek

**CADUCEUS**

CADUCEUS

What is the insignia of medicine?

CADUCEUS

What is composed of staff travellers intertwined with **2 serpen**t (**the symbol of Aesculapus and his healing power**)**.** At the apex of the staff are two wings of **Hermes (Mercury)** for speed?

Greek

**NURSES** are function of **untrained slaves**

Romans

Proper turnover for the sick people.

Romans

**“If you’re strong, you’re healthy”- motto**

Romans

Transition from Pagan to Christianity

Romans

FABIOLA

FABIOLA

Who was converted to Christianity and later she converted her home to a hospital and used her wealth for the sick?

Romans

1st hospital in the Christian world

APPRENTICE PERIOD

11th century-1836

11th century-1836

When did apprentice period started and ended?

APPRENTICE PERIOD

**On-the-job training period**

APPRENTICE PERIOD

Refers to a **beginner (OJT)**

APPRENTICE PERIOD

care performed by people who are directed by more experienced nurses.

APPRENTICE PERIOD

Starts from the founding of religious orders in the 6th century through the Crusades in the 11th century (**1836**- when the **deaconesses School of Nursing** was established in **Kaiserswerth, Germany** by pastor __**THEODORE FLEIDNER**__)

1836

When was **deaconesses School of Nursing** was established in **Kaiserswerth, Germany?**

deaconesses School of Nursing in Kaiserswerth, Germany

What was established in 1836?

THEODORE FLEIDNER

Who established deaconesses School of Nursing in Kaiserswerth, Germany?

**KNIGHTS OF ST. JOHN OF JERUSALEM (ITALIAN)**

Military Religious Orders and their Works:

AKA **“Knights of the Hospitalers”**