quality engineering chap 1 and 2

3 steps of risk assessment

hazard identification

risk evaluation

risk control

2 principles of wsh framework

instilling greater ownership of safety and health by industry

preventing accidents through higher penalties for poor safety management

5 risk control measure

Elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls, personal protective equipment.

identify 4 common industrial hazards

fire, electrical, mechanical and chemical

describe likelihood from lvl 1-5

rare

remote

occasional

frequent

almost certain

main components of risk management

preparations

risk assessment

risk control

record- keeping

review

four strategic outcomes of wsh 2018

reduction in wsh incident rates

wsh as an integral part of business

sg is renowed for high wsh standards

a progressive and pervasive wsh culture

colour code for each rpn risk level

green(low risk) < or = 3

yellow(moderate risk) 4-14

red(high risk)> or = 15

4 common occupational diseases

noise-induced deafness

occupational skin diseases

chemical poisoning

occupational lung diseases

8 members of risk assessment team

team leader

management staff

process engineer

technical personnel

supervisors

production operators

maintenance staff

safety manager

3 engineering controls for mechanical and machinery hazards

machine guarding

two-hand control system

sensor control system

3 situations when risk assessment should be reviewed

at least once every 3 yrs

occurrence of any bodily injury to any person from exposure to a hazard in the workplace

significant change in work practices

2 risk control for each hazard

fire: proper housekeeping, proper storage of flammables

electrical: machine guarding, training of staff

mechanical: machine guarding, safe work procedures

chemical: proper housekeeping, proper storage of flammables

ergonomic: provide rest area for employees, anti-fatigue chairs

2 possible injury from each hazard

fire: temporary disability, death

electrical: electric shock, electric burns

mechanical: cut, temporary disability

ergonomic: backache, muscle strain

3 ways to prevent occupational lung diseases

stop cigarette smoking

proper use of ppe

limitations of occupational lung diseases

engineering controls in the hierarchy of control

structures or equipment that physically reduces the impact of the hazard by changing the work environment or work process, by putting a barrier between the hazard and employee

substitution in the hierarchy of control

substitution involves replacing an element in a work process with a less harmful alternative so that the hazard presents a lower risk

administrative controls in the hierarchy of control

reduces or eliminates exposure to hazards via strict adherence to specific work procedures or job instructions. documentation should emphasise all steps in the work processes and controls needed for work activities to be carried out safely.